Transition Metals Flashcards
What is a transition metal
A metal with a partially filled d subshell (at least one ion)
What is unique about chromium and copper
They only have one electron in their 4S sub shell (stability)
What fills and empties first 4s or 3D subshell
4s
What d block elements aren’t transition metals
Sc3+
Zn 2+
What colour is iron 2+
Pale green
What colour is iron 3+
Yellow
What colour is chromium 3+
Green
What colour is chromium 6+
Yellow
What can iron be a catalyst for
Harbour cycle
What can candour be a catalyst for
Production of sulphur trioxide ( 2S02 +O2-> 2SO3)
What can nickel be used as a catalyst for
Hydrogenation of an alkene
Sulpherperaoxide is catalysed by what with starch
Iron black to colourless
What is a ligand
A molecule that donates a lone pair to form a cordon ate bond
What is the coordination number
The amount of coordinate bonds a species can from
Example of a monodentate ligand
Water, hydroxide, NH3, Cl-, CN-
Example of bi dentate ligands
Diol dicarboxylic di amine amino acid
Shape of a central metal ion with 6 bonds
Octahedral 90 degrees
Shape of a complex with four coordinate bonds
109.5 degrees tetrahedral
Shape of Pt(NH3)4
Square planar 90 degrees
Colour of CoCl4
Blue
Colour of CuCl4
Yellow
What is a steroisomer
Same structural formula but different arrangement of atoms in space
What is a cis isomer
Same side
What is a trans isomer
Opposite side
When do optical isomers occur
When there are two or more bidentate ligands
Types of ligand reactions
Substitution and precipitation
When copper sulphate is dissolved in water what colour does it become
Cu(H2O)6 pale blue
What happens when Cu(H2O)6 reacts with 4NH3
Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2 dark blue
How to make copper hydroxide precipitate
Add ammonia drop wise until pale blue precipitate CuOH2
Reaction of Cu2+ and 2OH-
Blue precipitate of copper hydroxide
Iron2+ and 2OH-
Iron hydroxide green precipitate
Brown at surface as oxidised to 3 hydroxide
Fe3+ and hydroxide
Forms part iron hydroxide orange precipitate
Mn2+ and hydroxide (pale pink)
Forms Mn hydroxide light brown precipitate
Cr3+ and hydroxide
Starts violet -> chromium hydroxide grey green precipitate-> Cr(OH)6 dark green solution
When iron and Mn react with ammonia what is formed
Hydroxide and NH4
