Module 1 Flashcards
When adding a lone pair what happens to bond angle
Goes down by 2.5
What is an isotope
Same atomic number different mass number
What is relative isotopic mass
Mass of an isotope relative to 1/12th the mass of a C12 atom
What is relative atomic mass
The weighted mean mass of an atom compared to 1/12th the mass of a carbon 12 atom
What is mass to charge ratio
Relative mass/ relative charge
What is a binary compound
Two elements
How to calculate Ar
(%found/100X mass number) + (%found/100X mass number)
What is a homologous series
Same functional group and general formula differing by CH2
Exceptions to oxidation
H=-1 in metal hydrides
Cl = -1 except with O and F
O=-2 except in peroxides
What is oxidation
Loss of control of electrons
What is reduction
Gain of control of electrons
Linear
Y-X-Y 180
Bent
One lone pair 2 bonded
118
V shaped
2 lone pair 2 bonded
104.5
Trigonal planar
3 bonded
120
Tetrahedral
Four bonded
109.5
Triginol bipyramidal
5 bonded
90/120
Triginal pyramidal
1 lone pair 3 bonded
107
Octahedral
6 bonded
90
What is structural formula
Atoms arrangement in compounds
What is a display formula
Shows bonding
What is a general formula
Formula of homologous series
What is chain isomerism
Re arrangement of chain to create more or less branches
Position isomerism
Functional group moving along chain
Optical
Same structural formula different arrangement of atoms in space
How to make an ionic equation
Split ions in equation and remove spectators
%mass
Sum or Ar of element/Mr
What is the multiplication factor
Mr/Emr
Percentage yield
Actual amount/ theoretical amount X100
What is atom economy
Mr of desired product/ Mr of reactants
What is the ideal gas equation
PV=NRT
What is a salt
An ionic compound formed during neutralisation
What is Arrhenius acid
Hydrogen ions in solution
