Transition Metals Flashcards
What are transition metals
D block elements forming one or more stable ions partially filled d sub shells
What are the properties of transition metals
Strong metallic bonds = high melting and boiling points
What does the colour of transition metals depend on
Element
Oxidation state
Ligand
Coordination number
What colour is a chromium 3+ ion
violet
What colour is a chromium 6+ion
Orange
What colour is a manganese 2+ ion
Pink
What colour is a manganese 7+ ion
Purple
What colour is a fe 2+ ion
Green
What colour is an fe 3+ion
Orange
What colour is a copper 2+ion
Blue
How does a complex ion form
When ligands form coordinate bonds to central metal ion
What is a unidentate ligand and what is an example of one
Central metal ion with one coordinate bond
E.g water or NH3
What is a multidentate ligand and give an example
A species with two coordinate bonds eg ethanedioate
What is a multidentate ligand and give an example
Central metal ion with several coordinate bonds e.g haem, EDTA
What is a ligand
Ion atom or molecule with at least one lone pair
Why are transition metals good catalysts
Lose and gain electrons in the d sub shell
Have surfaces that allows substances to adsorb and Lowe activation energy
What is an example of a transition metal being used as a catalyst
Fe as a catalyst in the haber process
What is the bond angle of a transition metal with six coordinate bonds
90
What is the bond angle of a transition metal with coordination number of 4
109.5
How does cisplatin stop cancer spreading ?
It loses chlorine ligands through displacement and coordinately bonds to nitrogen atoms in dna to stop it replicating
What is an example of a transition metal being used as a catalyst
2So2 +O2= 2SO3
Contact process
Catalyst V2O5
At 450 degrees and 1-2 atmospheres of pressure
what colour does cu turn with excess ammonia
dark blue
what colour does cr3+ turn when oh and nh are added
Green
purple with excess ammonia
what colour does fe2+ turn with oh and nh3
dark green with ammonia
Green with brown at surface with OH
What colour does Fe3+ turn with OH and Nh3
orange /brown
what colour does Mn2+ turn with OH and Nh3
light brown precipitate
