Intermolecular forces Flashcards
What is the behaviour of ionic compounds
Conduct electricity when they are molten or in solution as ions can move and carry charge
High melting and boiling points strong intermolecular forces so lots of energy needed to overcome
Soluble in water because water molecules are polar
What is a covalent bond
strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms
how can you measure the strength of a covalent bond
Looking at average bond enthalpies
what shape molecule has 3 bonding pairs
trigonal planar -120 degrees
what shape molecule has 2 bonding and 2 lone pairs
non-linear -104.5 degrees
what shape molecule has 4 bonding pairs
tetrahedral - 109.5 degrees
what shape molecule has 3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair
pyramidal -107 degrees
what shape molecule has 6 bonding pairs
octahedral-90 degrees
what is electronegativity
the ability of an atom to attract the bonding electron in a covalent bond
what is the general trend of electronegativity
increases across periods and decreases down groups
What is metallic bonding
Electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons
What are the properties of a metal
High melting and boiling points - type of metal with more delocalised electrons eg mg2+ has higher melting point than Na+
Can be shaped because the metal ions have no bonds between them so can slide over each other
Conduct electricity
Insoluble due to strength of bonds
