transition metal chemistry

Question 1

why do the typical characteristics of transition metals arise

Answer 1

they have incomplete d subshells

(therefore Ti to Cu are considered to be transition metals)

Question 2

what 2 elements in period 4 are not called transition metals and why

Answer 2

Sc
(no 3d electrons)

Zn
(full 3d subshell)

do not have the characteristic of incomplete d subshell so are not transition metals

Question 3

give the 4 common properties of transition metals

Answer 3

• form complexes
• form coloured ions
• have variable oxidation states
• act as catalyst

Question 4

define ligand

Answer 4

molecule or ion that forms a co ordinate bond with a transition metal by donating a pair of electrons

Question 5

define complex

Answer 5

central metal atom or ion surrounded by ligands

Question 6

define co ordination number

Answer 6

number of coordinate bonds to the central metal atom or ion

Question 7

define monodentate ligands and give 3 examples

Answer 7

forms only 1 dative covalent bond

H20 , NH3 , Cl-

Cl- is much larger than H2O or NH3

Question 8

define bidentate ligands and give 2 examples

Answer 8

form 2 coordinate bonds per ligand

1,2- diaminoethane
H2NCH2CH2NH2

C2O42- ethanedioate

Question 9

give the formula for 1,2- diaminoethane

Answer 9

H2NCH2CH2NH2

Question 10

give the formula for ethanedioate

Answer 10

C2O4 2-

Question 11

define multidentate ligand and give an example

Answer 11

forms multiple coordinate bonds per ligand

EDTA4- forms 6 coordinate bonds

Question 12

how many coordinate bonds does EDTA4- form

Answer 12

6 coordinate bonds per ligand