transition elements 5.24

Question 1

[Cr(H2O)6] 3+

Answer 1

violet solution

Question 2

[Fe(H2O)6] 2+

Answer 2

pale green solution

Question 3

[Cu(H2O)6] 2+

Answer 3

pale blue solution

Question 4

[Cr(OH)6] 3-

Answer 4

dark green solution

Question 5

[Cr(NH3)6] 3+

Answer 5

purple solution

Question 6

[CuCl4] 2-

Answer 6

yellow solution
-tetrahedral
overtime green at equilibrium as colours mix

Question 7

[Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2] 2+

Answer 7

deep blue solution

Question 8

[Cu(OH)2(H2O)4]

Answer 8

blue precipitate

Question 9

[Fe(OH)2(H2O)4

Answer 9

green precipitate
-left in air the ppt oxidises to brown ppt (now 3+)

Question 10

[Fe(OH)3(H2O)3

Answer 10

orange brown precipitate

Question 11

[Mn(H2O)6] 2+

Answer 11

pale pink solution

Question 12

Mn(OH)2(H2O)4

Answer 12

light brown ppt

Question 13

CrO4 2-

Answer 13

yellow solution

Question 14

d-block elements

Answer 14

located between group 2 and 13
highest energy of electrons are in the d orbital
-partially filled d sub shell

Question 15

chromium and copper

Answer 15

form +1 as lose from 4s subshell rather than d subshell

Question 16

complex ions

Answer 16

formed when one or more molecules or negatively charged ions bond to a central metal ion
these molecules or ions known as (ligands)

Question 17

monodentate ligand

Answer 17

ligand that donates ONE pair of electrons to a central metal ion
-water, NH3,Cl-

Question 18

bidentate ligand

Answer 18

ligand that donates TWO pairs of electrons to a central ion
-ethandioate ion (en)
-1,2 diaminoethane

Question 19

shapes of complex ions

Answer 19

six coordinate bonds
-octahedral
eg [CuH2O6]
four coordinate complexes
-tetrahedral [CuCl4]
square planar complexes ( 4 coordinate bonds)
90 degrees Pt(NH3)4

Question 20

sterioisomerism in complex ions

Answer 20

can display 2 types of isomerism
cis-trans & optical
cis shows 2 optical

Question 21

cis-trans isomerism in octahedral complexes

Answer 21

ligands above abd below & next to eachother

Question 22

optical isomerism

Answer 22

Non superimposable mirror images of each other
only occurs in octahedral complexes with 2 or more bidentate ligands
-3 different ligands

Question 23

precipitate reactions

Answer 23

occurs when 2 aqueous solutions containing ions react together to form an insoluble ionic solid called PRECIPITATE