Transfusion Science III - Blood Components Pt. 1 Flashcards
What are the four components that derive from donated blood?
- Resuspended Red Cells
- Fresh Frozen Plasma
- Platelets
- Fractionated Proteins
Describe the whole blood process to produce Fresh Frozen Plasma and Resuspended Red cells
- Whole blood rests at room temperature for 2 hours
- Whole blood filtered through leucodepletion to remove >5 million white cells per unit
- Platelets removed
- Blood centrifuged to separate plasma from red cells
- Plasma separated into another bag
6.Plasma is frozen at minus 30 within 8 hours - Separated red cells suspended in SAGM
Why must plasma be frozen 8 Hours after whole blood collection?
Avoid loss of coagulation factors
Why are males only allowed to donate plasma?
To avoid Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury
why is leucodepletion done to whole blood?
1.Reduce risk of sepsis in a transfused patient
2.Remove cytomegalovirus from white blood cells to reduce risk of disease in immunocompromised patient
3. Reduce febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reaction
How many years is fresh frozen plasma stored.
- 2 years
- Once thawed, 4 hours at room temperature or 5 days at 4 degrees
What patients are Fresh Frozen Plasma given to?
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
- Liver Disease
- Congenital factor deficiencies
4.Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic purpura - Haemolytic Uraemic syndrome
- Massic transfusion Protocol
How are cryoprecipitate produced?
Thawing of FFP forms cryoprecipitate containing factors VIII,XIII fibrinogen and fibronectin
What is the shelf life of stored cryoprecipitate and once it is thawed?
1.Frozen: 1 year at -30
2. Thawed: 4 hours at room temperature
Who is cryoprecipitate given to?
- Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic purpura
- Bleeding due to uraemia
- Massive Transfusion Protocol
- Congenital Bleeding Disorders
a. Fibrinogen Factor I Deficiency
b. Haemophilia A (Factor VII) Deficiency
Why are red cells suspended in SAGM?
Fed and Buffered against pH drop
What is SAGM composed of?
- Citric acid
- Sodium Citrate
- Sodium chloride
- Sodium phosphate
- dextrose
- adenine
- mannitol
How long and at what temperature is resuspended red cells stored at?
- 4 degrees minus or plus 2
- Stored up to 35 days
What patients receive resuspended red cells?
- Blood loss or anaemia to increase tissue oxygenation
- Massive transfusion protocol
What are the three other red cell components?
- Paediatric packs
- Washed red cells
- Frozen red cells
What are the three components of Paediatric packs?
- Red cell resuspended neonatal (0.5 - 0.7)
- Whole Blood plasma reduced (0.45 - 0.55)
- CRCIUT (0.75 - 0.9)
Describe preparation of Washed Red Cells
- Red cells washed to remove plasma protein to 0.5 g or less
What is the shelf life and storage temperature of washed red cells?
- Storage 4 degrees plus or minus 2
- Shelf life: 24 hours
Who received washed red cells?
- IgA deficiency
Describe the preparation of cryoprotectant
- red cells frozen in cryoprotectant
- stored at minus 80 in freezer or minus 190 in liquid nitrogen
What happens to frozen red cells when they need to be used?
- Thawede and cryoprotectant removed via washing
- used within 24 hours of washing and thawing
Who are frozen red cells given to?
- rare blood group individuals
What are frozen red cells given cryoprotectants?
Prevent dehydration and injury from ice crystals
What cryoprotectants are used in frozen red cells?
- Glycerol
- Dimethlsulphoxide
- Glucose and polyvinylpyrrolidone
