Transfusion Medicine Flashcards
1
Q
Cryoprecipitate components
A
- factor 8, fibrinogen, vWF
- used in DIC for fibrinogen
2
Q
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
A
- caused by ABO incompatibility
- findings: fever, chills, flank pain, abd pain, dyspnea, hypotension, tachycardia, free hgb in plasma. Coombs test is positive
- stop transfusion and notify blood bank
- maintain urine output at all costs
3
Q
Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
A
- delayed emergence of alloantibodies that causes rapid extravascular clearance of transfused erythrocytes 1-3 days after transfusion.
- findings: unexplained drop in hgb concentration, elevated serum bilirubin and LDH levels, increased retic count, decreased haptoglobin, presence of new alloantibody
4
Q
Post-transfusion purpura
A
- associated with thrombocytopenia >1 wk after transfusion
- reaction is most common in women who become sensitized to HPA-1a after pregnancy or an earlier transfusion. Subsequent transfusion may then cause immune-mediated thrombocytopenia
- diagnosis: antibodies to HPA-1a
- treat: IV Ig
5
Q
Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction
A
- occurs at end of or after a transfusion and is caused by donor leukocyte cytokines or recipient alloantibodies directed against donor leukocytes
- treatment: stop transfusion, antipyretic agents and steroids are given
6
Q
Uses of FFP
A
-used to replace coagulation factors