Transformations Flashcards
Transformation
A transformation is a way of changing the size or position of a shape. This could be done via a translation, reflection, rotation or enlargement.
Object
The original shape before a transformation has occurred.
Image
The transformed shape after a transformation has taken place.
Translation
A translation moves a shape up, down or from side to side but it does not change its appearance in any other way. It is a slide of a shape.
Column Vector
A column vector is simply a vector describing movement, where the components are listed vertically.
Reflection
A reflection flips a shape horizontally or vertically but it does not change its appearance in any other way.
Mirror Line
A mirror line is a line which can be drawn onto a shape to show that both sides have exact reflective symmetry. It is called a ‘mirror’ line because it acts in exactly the same way a normal mirror does.
Rotation
Rotation means turning around a centre. The distance from the centre to any point on the shape stays the same. Every point makes a circle around the centre.
Clockwise/ Anticlockwise
Clockwise – a rotation in the direction of the hands of a clock
Anti-clockwise – a rotation in the direction opposite to the hands on a clock.
Centre of Rotation
The centre of rotation is a point about which a plane figure rotates. This point does not move during the rotation.
Enlargement
Enlarging a shape changes its size. An enlargement is a way of changing the size or position of a shape.
All sides of the original shape are multiplied by the same scale factor (multiplier) to give the corresponding enlarged shape.
Centre of Enlargement
To enlarge a shape, a centre of enlargement is required. When a shape is enlarged from a centre of enlargement, the distances from the centre to each point are multiplied by the scale factor.
Scale Factor
A scale factor is the multiplier used between corresponding side measurements of an object and it’s enlargement.
