Transformation of the Mediterranean World Flashcards
1
Q
persecutions
A
- during the 2nd-4th century
- Christians persecuted any pagans
- it depended on what authority was in charge
2
Q
Perpetua
A
- 203 AD
- arrested w/ group of slaves where she is put on trial.
- she refuses to burn inscents during trial.
- her dad begs her to do it
- she is condemned to death
- became a matry
- killed as entertainment
3
Q
matyrs
A
- greek for witness
- to die for a cause
- sometime it almost seemed like suicide
4
Q
Domus Ecclesia
A
house that were remolded for prayer and worship
5
Q
sacraments
A
- rituals that christ trusted to the catholic church
6
Q
eucharist
A
symbolic sacrifice; bread and wine
- become a ritual meal for Christians
7
Q
baptism
A
full baptism; parallel to baptism of Jesus
8
Q
tertarchy
A
leading with 4 rulers
9
Q
Diocletian, 284-305
A
- ruled from 284-305
- Originally a goat herder then fought in the military and began to move up the ranks and eventually emperor in 284 and tries to solve problems like
#1 Succession crisis (splitting up power in Empire) #2 Feeding troops (let farmers pay taxes with food instead of \$\$$) #3 Growing Christianity (he persecuted Christians)
10
Q
Constantine, 306-337
A
- becomes a general then Caesar of the West
- brother-in-law tries to turn everyone against him so he decides to MARCH AGAINST ROME
- kicks ass and bears chi rho on all his stuff
- creates Constantinople
- helps christianize Roman empire
11
Q
Milvian Bridge
A
- battle in 312 the Constantine wins
12
Q
chi rho
A
early symbol for Christianity
13
Q
Edict of Milan
A
issues 3 things
- all religions will be tolerated in the Roman world
- any christians who lost anything will be compensated
- from now on the christian God will be the favored God throughout Rome.
written by Constantine and Licium
14
Q
Council of Nicaea
A
where all the christian leaders get together to hash out what christianity really is
15
Q
Constantinople
A
- contained Hagia Sophia
16
Q
Hagia Sophia
A
- large dome church in constantinople
17
Q
St. Peters
A
- church built by Constantine over the tomb of St. Peter
18
Q
Holy Sepulchre
A
- church within the old city of Jerusalem
- supposedly where jesus was buried
19
Q
Visigoths
A
- first of the tribes that enter Roman world
- get enslaved by the Huns
- some ran away to the Roman Empire
- 60,000 people cross the Danube into Roman Empire where they live in huge refugee camps
- eventually rise against Roman Empire
- become nomadic tribe within empire
- arrive in Rome- 410 AD and pillage Rome for 3 days
- they take the emperor’s sister
- they were christians
20
Q
Huns
A
- asiatic language
- attacked china
moved form Mongolia to westward Asia with giant calavary - eventually cross into the Roman Empire
21
Q
410
A
Visigoths arrive in Rome
22
Q
Attila 434-453
A
- Leader of the Huns
- charismatic leader
- Huns disappear entirely after his death
23
Q
Romulus Augustulus, 475-476
A
- Not a powerful Roman Emperor
24
Q
Justinian 527-564
A
- Rules 100 years after Rome collapses
- Wife named Theodora- daughter of a bear trainer- had to change the Roman laws to marry her. They were a good team
- he opened many law schools and lgal books
- goal was to assemble the Empire
- builds San Vitale in Ravenna
- christian
- murders a bunch of people in a stadium
- rebuilt Hagia Sophia
25
Nika Revolt
he executes some charioteers and crowd is angry and begins revolting and destorying the city.
26
Persians
- modern day Iran
- indo-european language
- came into the area around 1K BC
- starts invading Asia minor and flees to Contantinople.
- takes over Damascus and Jerusalem in 614 and Alexandria in 619
- they steal a piece of the holy cross
27
Heraclius 610-641
- organizes an army in Constantinople to battle back Persians
- he's successful and demands return of the cross relic
- people make a coin after him with the cross and him and his son on it.
28
Bedouin
muslims desert people
29
Mecca
- Islamic City
- Pre Islam religion polytheistic and religious center was here.
- Ran by the most powerful family
30
Medina
- Islamic City
31
Ka'ba
- holiest place in islam
| - large cube shape building
32
Muhammad, 570-632
- was part of one of the families that ran Mecca in 570
- merchant, educated, marries a wealthy widow
- decides to retire and be religious in the mountains
33
Allah
- muslim God
34
Qu'ran
- the visions of recitations of waht occured b/w Muhammad and the Angel Gabriel from Allah
- divided into 114 versions
- holy religious text of Islam
35
Islam
- was polytheistic, until Muhammad comes in saying there is one god of the Islamic Fiaht
36
Muslims
- Followers of Islam
37
Musa
- muslim Moses
38
Isa
- Muslim Jesus
39
Five pillars of Islam
```
Zakat
- charity tax
Ramadan
-month long fast that commemorates an important battle
- no eating or drinking during daylight hours
- ends in a huge feast
Hajj
- yearly pilgrimage to Mecca
Salat
- prayer
muslims pray 5 times a day at set hours
Shahadah
- profession of Faith
-central tenant in Islam
-In arabic it is quite poetic
-strict monotheism
```
40
Caliphs
- successor
| - 1st few Caliphs were all the same tribe of Muhammad
41
Umayyads
- Sunni Dynasty
- Take over the Caliphs
- they move the capital to Damascus
- Arabic language takes over eastern Roman world
42
Ali, 656-661
- the 4th Caliph during civil war
43
Shi'a
supporters of Alli
44
Sunni
anyone who didn't support Alli
| - majority of the Muslims
45
Abbasids
- takes over Umayyads
| - built new capital city (Baghdad) on Tigris river
46
Baghdad
- very close to the Old Persian capital
47
Dome of the Rock
- 692 AD
- in jerusalem
- becomes a holy place for islam (use to be for christianity)
