Formation of Medieval Europe

Question 1

• tribes on the other side of the Rhine river, federate of Rome as mercenaries - non-christian - AKA “ax men” - they go to conquer Gaul in 500 - tradition of dividing inheritance among sons - spilled blood had to be avenged

Answer 1

Franks

Question 2

• Leader who conquers land from the Romans and other Germanic tribes who decide to cross the Rhine river - couldn’t read or write - wants to unite Frankish people

Answer 2

Clovis, 485-511

Question 3

• marries clovis and enters peace weaving marriage - was christian before marrying Clovis. (influences him) - baptizes her son and after he dies - clovis makes a demand of Clotilda’s God and when it is done he converts and forces all his men to convert as well.

Answer 3

Clotilda

Question 4

• empire established by Clovis

Answer 4

Merovingian

Question 5

• when blood is spilled it must be avenged - Clovis develops a way to end these with Wergild

Answer 5

Blood Feuds

Question 6

-Man money - payed to the loved ones when a person is killed - pay of the family for killing their kin

Answer 6

Wergild

Question 7

• woman that would marry tribes together

Answer 7

Peaceweavers

Question 8

• AKA “Charles the Hammer” - never becomes king b/c he has no royal blood - fights the Arabs - develops good relations ships w/ local bishops and send gifts to the pope.

Answer 8

Charles Martel

Question 9

• where Charles Martel defeated Umayyad people -

Answer 9

Battle of Poitiers

Question 10

• means “Line of Charles” - descending from Charles Martel - first king is Peppin the short

Answer 10

Carolingians

Question 11

• Son of Peppin the Short - Illiterate - there is a bronze Equestrian statue of him. - Invades Italy all the way to Rome. -Invades Northern Germany and forces his people to convert to Christianity. - builds many churches - the Pope makes him Roman Emperor after saving his life.

Answer 11

Charlemagne, 768-814

Question 12

• germanic people who settled along northern europe

Answer 12

Saxons

Question 13

• fake document found by Pope Leo III that claimed the last will and testament of Constantine that all power go to the Pope in Rome - nobody knew it was fake

Answer 13

Donation of Constatine

Question 14

• Liked ruling over the empire - when her sone became of age to rule she had him blinded and put into a monastary

Answer 14

Empress Irene

Question 15

• didn’t like Irene - found the Donation of Constantine - had three sons who each get 1/3 of his land and all 3 become kings of Charlemagne’s divided empire. - Oldest son gets title of “Holy Roman Emperor”

Answer 15

Pope Leo III

Question 16

• signed in 843 -first of the treaties that divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms among the three surviving sons of Louis the Pious, the son and successor of Charlemagne. - The treaty signed in Verdun-sur-Meuse ended the three-year Carolingian Civil War.

Answer 16

Treaty of Verdun 843

Question 17

• Patrick preaches here - had no Roman influnce

Answer 17

Ireland

Question 18

• missionary - goes to Ireland to convert Irish - gets captured and enslaved by pirates - escapes back to England - goes back to ireland to preach to the Kings - works to convert all Irsih

Answer 18

patrick, ca. 390-461

Question 19

• attacks England

Answer 19

Angles (anglo-saxons??)

Question 20

• missionary sent to Kent b/c the King of Kent is married to a Frankish princess who is Christian

Answer 20

Augustine of Canterbury

Question 21

• part of church very set on celibacy

Answer 21

Monastery

Question 22

early christian church in Ireland

Answer 22

Gallorus Oratory

Question 23

the 4 gospels decorated with elaborate paintings

Answer 23

Book of Kells

Question 24

• raiders and traders - used Viking Longboat: capable of sailing the high seas but also shallow rives - marry peaceweavers

Answer 24

Vikings

Question 25

• Viking settlement of “North men” - Carolingian kings are basically forced to recognize the vikins and that Normandy is their island. - these kings begin to marry off their daughters so they don’t have to fight them.

Answer 25

Normandy

Question 26

• one of the first kings through all of England and promotes Anglo-Saxon language

Answer 26

Alfred the Great 871-899

Question 27

• christianized king who takes over and England is part of a Scandinavian empire - while in power he married the widow of the Anglo-Saxon King - did not last and the Anglo-Saxons ended up back in power in England

Answer 27

Cnut of Denmark, 1017-1035

Question 28

• on the English throne, but had spent much time in Normandy with his mothers family - blood related to Alfred the Great - married to a woman named Edith who was the daughter of the richest anglo-saxon lord in all of England. Her brother is Harold Godwinson and served as the Kings right hand man - this marriage never had any children - this is a problem when Edward becomes ill, and the line of blood relations in now soon to be ruined

Answer 28

Edward the Confessor 1042-1066

Question 29

• served under the King of England - sent by the King to tell William that he was going to be the heir to the throne- not sure if this really happened - crowned King in 1066- mysterious thing was spotted in the sky- a Star OR Haley’s Comet - this was taken as a sign that this was bad! -his place was taken by Harald Hardrada

Answer 29

Harold Godwinson

Question 30

• Connected to Cnut- Scandinavian not Anglo-Saxon

Answer 30

Harald Hardrada

Question 31

• “William the Bastard” - great fighter who was completely a Norman - when Edward actually died the Anglo-Saxons said that he turned to Harold Godwinson and said “you be the king” - conquered and crowned at Westminster on December 25,1066 - builds the tower of London

Answer 31

William, Duke of Normandy

Question 32

• October 14th 1066 - Harold gets killed

Answer 32

Battle of Hatings, 1066

Question 33

• embroidered tapestry that was almost like a giant comic strip

Answer 33

Bayeux Tapestry

Question 34

• Form of Census; inventory of the kingdom

Answer 34

Domesday book, 1086