Medieval Papacy and the Crusades Flashcards
feudalism
system b/w a lord and vassal that served them
knights
top fighter/horseman
homage
pledge loyalty
fealty
sacred oath of loyalty for life
fief
reward for vassal’s service (,armor, money)
manor
- owned by noble
- worked by peasants and serfs
peasants
those who worked but they can leaver the Manor
serfs
unfree people who were tied to the land
scratch plow
smaller wooden plow used to plow softer soil like in the meditteranean
heavy plow
heavier plow with a metal cutting used for heavy europ soil
horse collar
developed to pull plows
wind and watermills
developed for grinding grain, pumping water, or cutting wood
three-field system
alternating crops on different fields as to not ruin fields and to constantly produce food.
crusades
begin by a speech by Pope Urban III in 1095 addressing a crowd of Frankish knights
Pope Urban II
” Don’t kill each other, what you need to do is go to the holy land which has been captured by Muslims
