Transfer of learning

Question 1

What is positive transfer?

Answer 1

Where one skill or situation helps the learning and performance of another skill
(or situation).

Question 2

What’s an example of positive transfer?

Answer 2

e.g. The arm action of throwing a ball helps the action of the racquet arm when serving in tennis.

Question 3

What are some effects of positive transfer?

Answer 3

Transfers the S-R bond of one skill to another.
Helps to develop the correct motor programme.

Question 4

What is negative transfer?

Answer 4

where one skill or situation hinders the learning and performance of another skill
(or situation)

Question 5

What’s an example of a negative transfer?

Answer 5

e.g. the flexed arm in throwing hinders the straight arm required for cricket bowling.

Question 6

What are some effects of negative transfer?

Answer 6

Performer can respond incorrectly to similar stimuli.

Differences in kinaesthetic feedback can cause confusion.

Question 7

What is proactive transfer?

Answer 7

Where a previously learned skill affects the current learning or performance of another skill.

Question 8

What’s an example of proactive transfer?

Answer 8

e.g. the previously learned
throwing action can affect a new skill that looks similar, such as a serve in volleyball.

Question 9

Effects of proactive transfer:

Answer 9

Can be positive or negative/ proactive transfer can help
or hinder the learning or performance of a new skill.

Question 10

What is Retroactive transfer?

Answer 10

Where the current learning of a new skill effects the
performance of a previously learned skill.

Question 11

Whats an example of Retroactive transfer?

Answer 11

e.g. the current learning of
a serve in tennis can affect the previously learned throwing action.

Question 12

Effects of Retroactive transfer

Answer 12

Can be positive or negative/ retroactive transfer can
help or hinder the performance of a new skill.

Question 13

What is Bilateral transfer?

Answer 13

Transfer from limb to limb (from one side of the body to the other).

Question 14

What’s an example of bilateral transfer?

Answer 14

e.g. a footballer kicking both with the left and
right foot

Question 15

Effects of Bilateral transfer:

Answer 15

• Can be positive or negative
• When positive , bilateral transfer helps an attacker to deceive a defender e.g. using the
  non-dominant foot to shoot or pass.