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DMS 200 Ultrasound Physics > Transducers > Flashcards

Transducers Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a trandsducer?

A

Something that can change one form of energy into another

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2
Q

What is the direct piezoelectric effect?

A

Reception – Conversion of sound energy into electric energy

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3
Q

What is the indirect piezoelectric effect?

A

Transmission – converting electric energy into sound energy

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4
Q

What are the natural piezoelectric materials?

A

QRAT BLTS – quartz, rochelle salt, amber, tourmaline, berlinite, lead titanate, topaz, sucrose

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5
Q

What does the matching layer do?

A

Reduces reflection and increase sound transmission into skin – provides intermediate impedance between crystal & tissue

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6
Q

What does the damping layer/backing material do?

A

It improves detail resolution by shortening the pulse

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7
Q

What does the electrical wire do?

A

Sends voltage to and from crystals

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8
Q

What is the thickness of the matching layer?

A

1/4 wavelength

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9
Q

What is the matching layer made of?

A

Epoxy resin & aluminum powder

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10
Q

What is the thickness of a crystal in a probe?

A

1/2 wavelength

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11
Q

What is the damping layer made of?

A

Epoxy resin & tungsten or other metal powders

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12
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

range of frequencies present in a pulse

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13
Q

What is the center frequency?

A

The operating frequency of the transducer

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14
Q

Is broad bandwidth damped or undamped?

A

Damped - has many frequencies & better resolution

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15
Q

Is narrow bandwidth damped or undamped?

A

Undamped - has fewer frequencies & poor resolution

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16
Q

Is bandwidth directly or indirectly related to damping?

A

Directly

17
Q

What is Q Factor?

A

a number that relates to probe’s ability to operate at center/operating frequency

18
Q

Which produces better resolution: low or high Q Factor?

A

Low

19
Q

Does a multihertz transducer have a narrowband or broadband?

A

Broadband

20
Q

Is a multihertz transducer user adjustable?

A

Yes – we can change frequencies but damping & # of cycles stays the same

21
Q

Other names for Operating Frequency

A

Resonance frequency, preferred frequency, natural frequency

22
Q

What 2 factors determine the operating frequency?

A
  1. Propagation speed of PZT
  2. Thickness of PZT

DMS 200 Ultrasound Physics (7 decks)

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