Trans - Populations in Research

Question 1

criteria for selecting the population

Answer 1

1. validity
2. applicability
3. feasibility
4. ethics

Question 2

direct approach

Answer 2

use of human models

Question 3

indirect approach

Answer 3

use of animals, tissue, microorganisms

Question 4

volunteer populations - what may result

Answer 4

volunteer bias

Question 5

diseased populations - what may result

Answer 5

not necessarily representatives of those who have the disease

Question 6

clinic or hospital populations - what may result

Answer 6

not representative of the general population

Question 7

persons at home or community - what may result

Answer 7

not representative of the general population

Question 8

ultimate goal of ethics

Answer 8

protection of participants

Question 9

4 principles in statutory framework

Answer 9

1. all researches should have a written protocol
2. all researches should be reviewed by an institutional review board
3. all researches must impose standards for informed consent
4. all researches must adhere to good clinical practice

Question 10

spontaneous animal models

Answer 10

natural or spontaneously developed characteristic of interest

Question 11

experimental animal models

Answer 11

has an induced change to create the characteristic of interest

Question 12

normal models

Answer 12

normal counterpart of the diseased state

Question 13

rats and mice are commonly used for:

Answer 13

causation and harm studies

Question 14

pigeons and primates are commonly used for:

Answer 14

behavioral studies

Question 15

zebrafish are commonly used for:

Answer 15

embryology studies

Question 16

the researcher must use (higher or lower) species on the evolutionary tree for research

Answer 16

lower

Question 17

2 principles in animal ethics

Answer 17

1. refine technique to reduce suffering

2. reduce number of animals without compromising results

Question 18

diabetes model

Answer 18

streptozotocin-induced mouse model

Question 19

asthma model

Answer 19

ovalbumin-induced mouse model

Question 20

arthritis model

Answer 20

squalene injection of joints

Question 21

liver damage model

Answer 21

carbon tetrachloride induced

Question 22

gout model

Answer 22

potassium oxonate induced

Question 23

tumor model

Answer 23

inoculation with HT29 cancer cells

Question 24

vascular growth model

Answer 24

duck embryo