Trans PE of the Respiratory System Flashcards
Sinus tracts
Blind pouches that open into the skin; indicative of pulmonary inflammation
Where to pleximeter finger? With what part?
Hit distal pharyngeal joint with fingertip
Flatness from resonance
Solid replaces air in lung; indicative of tumor, pleural effusion
Dullness from resonant
Fluid / solid replaces air from lungs
Resonance
Normal
Hyperresonance
COPD, pneumothorax
Tympany
Large pneumothorax
Length of diaphragmatic excursion
5-6 cm; 1-1.5 ICS
Normal breath sounds
- tracheal
- vesicular
- bronchovesicular
- bronchial
Tracheal - where
Over trachea and mainstem bronchi
Tracheal - why
Turbulent air flow in trachea
Tracheal - IE ratio
1:2, 1:3
Vesicular - why
Laminar airflow patterns
Vesicular - IE ratio
3:1, 4:1
Bronchovesicular - IE ratio
1:1
Bronchial - IE ratio
1:1, 1:2
Tracheal - which is greater, I or E
E
Vesicular - which is greater, I or E
I
Crackles
Discontinuous sounds
Wheezes
High pitched, hissing, continuous
Ronchi
Low pitched, continuous, during expiration
What phase are ronchi heard, I or E
During expiration
Types of crackle
Coarse, fine
Coarse crackles
Low pitched, loud
Fine crackles
High pitched, soft
Pleural friction rub
Creaking sound like rubbing hair
Pleural friction rub - when heard
Throughout inspiration and expiration
Stridor
Very loud, musical
Stridor - cause
Inflammation of larynx and mucosa
Bronchophony
Clear voice sounds during ascultation due to fluid or solid instead of air
Whispered pectoriloquy
Audible whispering due to better sound conduction brought about by solid or fluid in the lung
Egophony
Goat like, nasal or bleating quality
