Tranisition metals - properties

Question 1

Name the three properties of transition metals

Answer 1

• form coloured compounds
• variable oxidation states
• good catalysts

Question 2

Definition of a transition metal

Answer 2

Form compounds with variable oxidation states

Question 3

Which is filled AND emptied first 4s or 3d

Answer 3

4s

Question 4

Name and explain two instances where 4s is NOT filled before 3d

Answer 4

Chromium has [Ar] 3d5 4s1 because it minimises repulsion to have the 4s electron alone. Ions still empty 4s first

Copper - [Ar] 3d10 4s1 - it’s more stable to have a full 3d than a full 4s

In both of these 4s is still emptied first

Question 5

Definition of a ligand

Answer 5

molecule or ion that forms a coordinate covalent bond with a transition metal by donating a paiur of electrons

Question 6

How many NH3 or H2O fit around a transition metal

Answer 6

6

Question 7

How many Cl- fit around a transition metal

Answer 7

4

Question 8

Draw the structure of 1,2-diaminoethane as a ligand

Answer 8

See image

Question 9

Draw the structure of ethanedioate as a ligand

Answer 9

See image

Question 10

Shape of a transition metal ion complex with six ligands (coordination number 6)

Answer 10

octahedral

Question 11

Shape of a transition metal ion complex with six ligands (coordination number 6) e.g CuCL4

Answer 11

square planar

Question 12

What is the charge of EDTA

Answer 12

4-

Question 13

How does NH3 act and what is the colour change

when a small amount of NH3 is added to hexaquacopper ions

Answer 13

Acts a proton acceptor

Blue solution to light blue precipitate

Question 14

What happens when excess NH3 is added to [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]

Answer 14

Light blue precipitate to clear dark blue solution