trait theories

Question 1

biosocial vs psychosocial theories

Answer 1

genes and neurology x environ. VS intelligence, temperament, arousal theory and personality x environ.

Question 2

polygenic scores

Answer 2

used in GWAS studies; a combination of scores for individuals on genetic variations known to correlate w a phenotype

Question 3

What did the research of Capsi and colleagues (1994) and Miller & Lynam (2001) tell us about which personality traits are related to delinquency or criminal offending?

Answer 3

low score on traits of agreeableness & conscientiousness(organized, task-oriented); High neg. emotionality and weak constraint

Question 4

What is psychopathy? How does it contribute to criminological efforts to explain crime?

Answer 4

Often severe career criminals who engaged in predatory crime w/o remorse or conscience (greatly reduced ability to experience social emotions of shame, embarrassment, guilt & empathy); they are unable to tie the cognitive & emotional networks of the brain together in order to form a conscience that helps prevent antisocial and criminal behavior

Question 5

What causes psychopathy

Answer 5

heredity and childhood victimization/maltreatment