Training Programmes principles Lectures 10/11

Question 1

Training Programme Optimization

What is the purpose?

Answer 1

Primary purpose of any training programme is to optimize performance during competition.

Superior Physical fitness does not guarantee superior performance-skill execution/decision making etc

Question 2

SPORT FITNESS COMPONENTS

Answer 2

Question 3

What the principles of training?

Answer 3

Cellular, organ and systemic alterations occur in a relatively predictable and uniform manner when conditioning programs to training principles

S O R A P R I

Specific

Overload

Recovery

Adaptation

Progression

Reversibility

Individualization

Question 4

Specifity

Answer 4

• Training must be specifically matched to the type of activity
• • The training programme must stress the Physiological systems and Metabolic systems that are critical for optimal performance.
• • SAID Principle-Specific adaptations imposed to meet demands

Biochemcical adaptations occur in the muscles that have been repeatedly trained.

Question 5

What is Anerobic Glycolysis? (Energy system)

Answer 5

• Process of breaking glucose in the absence of oxyegn.
• Glucose produces 2 ATP per glucose molecule.

Question 6

Agility(Definition)

Answer 6

‘A rapid whole-body movement with changes of velocity or direction in response to a stimulus’

Involves 2 factors

Ability to change direction

Decision making skills(Response to a stimulus).

Question 7

Overload

Answer 7

Occurs when exercise is performed that demands more then the normal capability of the body.

Temporarily disrupts homeostasis.

Lowers power of muscle resulting in fatigue.

Degree of disruption depends on:

Contractile activity

Ex intensity+duration

Fibre composition of muscle

Fitness level

Question 8

Recovery

Answer 8

Cells/tissue/organs that are disrupted are restored to pre training levels hours and days after each workout.

so long as Sufficient time to recover

Question 9

Detraining effects

Cardiovascular

Metabolic

Muscular detraining

Answer 9

Cardiovascular-

Blood volume falls due to plasma volume falling.

decrease in total amount of volume of blood the heart can pump during exercise.

Dimensions of heart muscle and lungs decrease.

This results in a reduction of amount of oxygen that can be transported to the muscle.

Metabolic

Muscles find it hard to produce energy from fat stores.

Endurance decreases because carb stores are limited/

energy from fat stores is unlimited

‘Insulin sensitvity’ is reduced meaning muscles find it harder to take up glucose (muscle fuel)

Less efficient oxygen metabolism results in blood lactate occuring.

Muscular

Density of capillaries (tinty blood vessels that transport oxyegn/blood to the muscles) decrease in muscles.

Loss of muscle and strength

Contraction of enzymes in muscle mitochondria used to release energy from oxygen also decreases.