Endurance Exercise training, metabolic responses-lecture 22&23

Question 1

Relative vs absolute value (Vo2 max) define each

Answer 1

Absolute-Vol of o2 consumed by an individual per unit(min) of time expressed in L/min or ml/min

Relative-Vol of o2 consumed relative to bodyweight and expressed in ml/kg/min.

Relative vo2 max in 70kg person is 3.5ml/kg/min=1 mer

fatality threshold-4 ml/kg/min (need to walk a flight of stairs).

smaller people or less trained consume much less-if you lose weight, relative improves.

Relative VO2max in elite endurance trained male athletes ranges from 70-85 mL/kg/min

Question 2

Peripheral component-specifity

Answer 2

whatever muscles you use, they adapt accordingly to that exercise (speceifity).

central component-cardiovascular system doesn’t/

More capillaries (takes blood to the actual muscles that are needed).

Question 3

Sketeal muscle adaption (capillary density).

Answer 3

More capillaries (takes blood to the actual muscles that are needed).

Question 4

Endurance training adaptions

blood flow

Answer 4

increased capillaries of trained muscles

greater recruitment of trained capillaries in muscles.

more effective blood flow redistribution from inactive

Increased blood volume

Increasec CO

Question 5

Changes in Vo2 max graph

Answer 5

Pre training=10 km/h (84% of vo2 max)

Post training cycle=10km/h (65% of vo2 max) same workload just easier because they are fitter (absolute)

Relative=13.6 km/h (84% of vo2 max).

Question 6

Training Adaptations Mitochondria

Answer 6

To increase mitochondria, contracting the muscle is the primary stimulus.

The greater the total amount of contractile activity the greater the increase in mitochondria (Good because mitochondria contains proteins(ETC) more enzymes).

Specifity.

Resistance training has fuck all effect on size or numbers.

increase in Capacity to generate ATP by oxidative phosphorylation results in less reliance on aerobic glycolis

Question 7

If SDH(Succinate Dehydrogenase) increases what happens to V02 max and why?

Answer 7

Vo2 max increases because

Increase capillary density

Increase mitochondria density.

Question 8

explain this-fuel utilization

Answer 8

Use fats at higher intensity, conserve more in carb stores.

For example

Untrained-60% fat and 40% of carbs

After training maybe -80% fat and 20% carbs

less reliance on carbs results in a reduction in lactic acid building up-more fitter

Question 9

Production of Lactic acid will be on Exam

Answer 9

• The fate of pyruvate depends on the availability of O2 • O2 available

 pyruvate undergoes aerobic metabolism converts to acetyl coa(co2 Is produced here) •

No O2  pyruvate is converted to lactate

O2 demand>o2 supply (no o2 available)

ETC backs up cannot transport hydrogen to etc. hydrogen oxidised to its original form(NADH2 converts to NAD to unblock ETC)

Pruvate builds up resulting in lactate building up.

We produce co2 when we convert pyruvate to acetyl coa.