Training prescriptions for anaerobic adaptations

Question 1

What is the metabolite concentration skeletal muscle at rest?

Answer 1

ATP 24 mol/kg/dry weight
ADP 3 mol/kg/dry weight
AMP 0.1 mol/kg/dry weight
Pcr 76.5 mol/kg/dry weight
Cr 43.5 mol/kg/dry weight

Question 2

What muscle metabolites changes occur after one 6s sprint?

Answer 2

Glycogen decrease 14%
ATP decrease by 13%
ADP and AMP no change
PCr decrease by 57%

Question 3

What is of PCr and glycolysis to ATP production after one 6s sprint?

Answer 3

ATP 6.3%
PCr 49.6%
Glycolysis 44.4%

Question 4

What happens to the skeletal muscle glycogen breakdown and glycolytic rate reduced after ten 6 second sprints?

Answer 4

ATP production and ATP production rates from anaerobic sources fell

Question 5

In the tenth and final 6 second sprint, why has the contribution of glycolysis to anaerobic ATP production reduced?

Answer 5

Glycolytic rate decreases even though glycogen is present in muscle
Rate of glycogen degradation decreases

Question 6

What muscle metabolites changes occur after ten 6s sprint?

Answer 6

ATP 3.8%
PCr 80.1%
Glycolysis 16.1%

Question 7

What is the effect of repeated 30 s maximal effort on rates of skeletal muscle glycogenolysis?

Answer 7

Glycogenolysis decreases

Question 8

Why does Glycogenolysis decrease?

Answer 8

glycogen phosphorylase a activation peaked at 5s = massive breakdown rate go glycogen
Drops during last 15s - inhibition of enzyme

Question 9

What happens after the 3rd sprint?

Answer 9

marginal changes in glycogen breakdown due to low activation of glycogen phosphorylase
A reduction in the active state of glycogen phosphorylase (Phos a) after the 3rd maximal effort is consistent with reductions in the rate of glycogenolysis

Question 10

What improvements did 7 week cycle sprint training elicit?

Answer 10

Increased repeated PPO and total work

Question 11

What changes in enzyme activity happened after 7 week cycle sprint training?

Answer 11

No change in total glycogen phosphorylase or LDH
Maximal enzyme activity of HK and PFK increased
PFK increased 49%
HK increased 56%

Question 12

Does 7 weeks sprint interval training affect VO2max and oxidative metabolism?

Answer 12

VO2max increased by approximately 7%
Increased mitochondria, mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative enzymes and VO2max
CS, SDH and MDH increases

Question 13

What happens when rest periods between sets are short?

Answer 13

There are blunted myofibrillar protein synthesis rates - 1 minute
Myofibrillar MPS significantly higher with 5 min rest between sets

Question 14

What are the mechanisms?

Answer 14

mTORC1 leads to protein synthesis through p70S6K to S6
Total protein content of p70S6K was unchanged but phosphorylation rate changed
At 4 hrs those who had 5M recovery had much greater activation of p70S6K
Increase in S6 activation, increases translation of mRNA into functional protein by the ribosome