Trachte Wed

Question 1

Bumetanide

Answer 1

loop diuretic
inhibits NKCC in ascending loop
affects [k] in inner ear, resulting in decreased hearing

Question 2

three thiazide diuretics

what do they do

Answer 2

chlorothalidone
hydrochlorothiazide
metalazone

blocks NaCL symporter in distal convoluted tubule

Question 3

what diuretic can cause hyperglycemia and why

Answer 3

thiazide diuretics

they do this by opening the ATP-dependent K channels in B cells of the pancreas, causing an efflux of K+ ions resulting in hyperpolarization that prevents release of insulin.

Question 4

what diuretics can cause gout and why

Answer 4

thiazide diuretics

compete with uric acid for OAT transporter

Question 5

where does aldosterone come from

Answer 5

adrenal cortex

Question 6

what diuretic can prevent cardiac remodeling after an MI

Answer 6

spironolactone and eplerenone, the aldosterone receptor inhibitors

prevents fibrotic changes in kindeys and heart

Question 7

what diuretic can cause gynecomastia

Answer 7

spironolactone

Question 8

what diuretic can cause hypernatremia and hyperkalemia

Answer 8

mannitol

Question 9

sodium glucose transport inhibitors

3 kinds
mech

Answer 9

canagliflozin
dapagliflozin
gliflozin

inhibits SGLT-2 (Na/glucose) symporters to prevent Na and glucose reabsorption

Question 10

what diuretics can cause utis and yeast infections

Answer 10

the sodium glucose transport inhibitors

Question 11

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and their mech

Answer 11

Acetezolomide

carbonic anhydrase is found in the kidney, allowing the reabsorption of bicarbonate, sodium, and chloride. By inhibiting this enzyme, these ions are excreted, along with excess water.

Question 12

organic anion transporters inhibitors
2 examples
mech

Answer 12

Works on OAT (organic anion transport) channels

probenecid - inhibits transport of small hydrophilic organic molecule secretion or resorption
sulfinpyrazone - inhibits reuptake of uric acid