anatomy

Question 1

cortex of adrenal glands derived from

medulla derived from

Answer 1

cortex - mesoderm

medulla - neural crest - extension of the autonomic nervous system

Question 2

what nerve fibers come to gether and pass through the prevertebral ganglia and synapse directly on the chromafin cells?

Answer 2

lesser and least splanchnic

blood supply is inervated by post ganglionic nerves

Question 3

chromaffin cells

Answer 3

the cells in the medulla of the adrenal glands that act like neurons

Question 4

three arteries that supply the adrenals

what do they branch off of\

also the vein that drains them and there they go

Answer 4

superior (off inferior phrenic) middle (off aorta) and inferior (off renal) suprarenal arteries

R suprerenal vein - goes to inferior vena cava (just like the right donadal)

L suprarenal vein dumps into the L renal vein 9just like the left gonadal)

Question 5

the left renal vein goes under what artery

what happens if that artery occludes that vein

Answer 5

superior mesenteric

get decreased blood flow from L kidney and adrenal (and in the male from the testes) - its called the nutcracker. You get distention in the pampiniform plexus causing a varicocele in the left testical.

Question 6

what happens with a floating kidney

Answer 6

it kinks the ureter, causes dilation of the renal pelvis and ureter

Question 7

what arteries in the kidney give rise to the afferent arterioles

Answer 7

the interlobular

Question 8

in horseshoe kidney, under what artery do the kidneys get :”stuck

Answer 8

inferior mesenteric

Question 9

3 places that kidney stones most commonly get stick in the ureter

Answer 9

where the renal pelvis narrows to form the ureter

pelvic brim (where the ureter runs over the external iliac artery)

oblique entrance to the bladder

Question 10

lithotripsy

Answer 10

sound waves used to break up kidney stones

Question 11

what holds up the duodenal jejunal junction

what does it come off of

Answer 11

the ligament of Treitz

It comes off the the right cruz of the diaphragm

Question 12

medial arcuate ligament in the diaphragm form s and arch over this structure

Answer 12

the psoas muscle

Question 13

the median arcuate ligament in the diaphragm forms and ach over this structure

Answer 13

the aorta

Question 14

the lateral arcuate ligament of the diaphragm forms and arch over the

Answer 14

quadratus lumborum

Question 15

how does the sympathetic trunk interact with mesenteric nerves (where does it branch off)

Answer 15

branches into the intermesenteric plexus

Question 16

wh ere does the psoas muscle terminate

Answer 16

on the lesser trochanter

Question 17

cisterna chyli

Answer 17

a dilated sac at the lower end of the thoracic duct into which lymph from the intestinal trunk and two lumbar lymphatic trunks flow.

Question 18

the lumbar plexus

Answer 18

subcostal - T12
Iliohypogastric - L1
Ilioinguinal - L1
genitofemoral - L1-2
Lat. femoral cutaneous - L2-3
femoral - L2-4
obturator - L2-4
lumbosacral trunk - L4-5

Question 19

first nerve to cross over the crest of the iliac

Answer 19

lateral femoral cutaneous

Question 20

is the lumbosacral trunk medial or lateral to psoas

Answer 20

medial

Question 21

what forms the lumbosacral plexus

Answer 21

the lumbosacral trunk (made of 1/2 of L4 + L5) goes down and joins with ventral rami S1-4

Question 22

What parasympathetic nerves come off of S2-4

Answer 22

pelvic splanchnic

Pass through the hypogastric plexus to synapse in the wall of pelvic and gut organs

Question 23

what is the source of the sympathetic components of the inferior hypogastric plexus

Answer 23

preganglionic fibers:
lumbar splanchnics
sacral splanchnic
from L1-2

synapse in “minute” ganglia in the hypogastric plexus