Trace minerals and Fat Sol Vits

Question 1

Zinc function

Answer 1

metalloenzymes need zinc:

• dna synthesis
• realease vit A from stores
• free radicle protection
• immune function
• RBC sythesis
• growth and development

Question 2

RDA for men and women for Zinc

UL?

Answer 2

Men= 11mg
Women = 8mg
40mg/d

Question 3

Should you supplement zinc?

Answer 3

No! why?
Ul is 40mg/d and if this exceeds zinc toxicity will occur ( nausea, vommiting, diarrhea)
and interference with copper metabolism ( altered iron function, reduced immunity, increased intentional metallothionen)

Question 4

Where is zinc stored in the intestinal cells?

Answer 4

in metallothionein which is a sulfur rich protein that binds week with metals. If body needs zinc metallothionien releases zinc to albumin and transferrin which take it to the rest of the body. if body doesn’t need zinc than it is excreted in shed intestinal cells

Question 5

Zinc enhancers

Answer 5

acids and amino acids

Question 6

Zinc inhibitors

Answer 6

phytate
oxalate
polyphenols
insoluable fiber
folate
H2 blockers

Question 7

Absorbtion rate of zinc

Answer 7

15-40%

depends on absorption efficiency. when low dietary intake absorption increases and pancreas recycling to small intestine increases. when high intake, endogenous fecal losses increase.

Question 8

Zinc deficiency

Answer 8

hard to diagnose,
GI infections, compromised growth , poor appetite low immune system and CNS disfunction
Widespread in developing countries

Question 9

Thyroxin- thyroid hormones T3 and T4

Answer 9

iodine is essential for making thyroid hormones:
metabolic rate of every cell
body temp
RBC synthesis
Growth and reproduction and brain development

Question 10

RDA abd UL for iodine

Answer 10

150ug
average intake is 8g
UL= 1100ug

Question 11

what is cretinism

Answer 11

poor brain development if iodine deficient when pregnent

Question 12

describe iodine deficiency and how it relates to to an enlarged loiter compared to when iodine levels are sufficient

Answer 12

low T3 and t4 the hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary to release TSH which goes to the thyroid gland and tells it to produce more T3 and T4 however T3 and T4 need iodine so if low iodine than enlarged thyroid ( goiter ) occurs. Enlarges to try and trap as much iodine as possible

Question 13

high iron affects?

Answer 13

overload of iron occupies all the transferrin binding sites which decrease Zn absorption

Question 14

high zinc affects?

Answer 14

high zinc means high metallothionein which means copper is more strongly bond and not released from mucusal cells

Question 15

low protein affects zinc how?

Answer 15

low protein means low albumin and that means low zinc released from mucosal cells