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Nutrition and health > Bone definitions > Flashcards

Bone definitions Flashcards

1
Q

cortical bones

A

hard outer shell

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2
Q

trabecular bones

A

lacy inside portion of bone

gives up calcium when diet runs short

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3
Q

osteoporosis

A

bone mineral density greater than 2 SD below mean

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4
Q

osteopenia

A

BMD between 1 and 2.5 SD below the mean

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5
Q

Osteoclasts

A

break bones down carefully

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6
Q

osteoblasts

A

build bones up

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7
Q

why is osteoporosis higher in women

A

after menopause don’t absorb calcium as well

smaller bone density

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8
Q

type 1 osteoporosis vs type 2

A

50-70
postmenupausal

type 2 is senile 70+

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9
Q

extracellular calcium

A

blood clotting

blood pressure

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10
Q

intercellular Calcium

A

coenzyme for muscle contractions never impulses secrete hormones

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11
Q

Osteomalacia

A

softening of bones

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12
Q

Rickets

A

vitamin D deficiency

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13
Q

hydroxyapatite

A

calcium salts that form crystals in bones

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14
Q

rigor

A

high calcium ( not from diet) makes muscles tense not able to relax

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15
Q

tenany

A

low blood calcium ( not from diet )

uncontrollable muscle spasm

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16
Q

absorption rate of calcium ( not pregnant )

increased by/ decreased by ?

A

30%

increased by it D, anabolic hormones,low phosphate intake, gastric acid

decreased by phytates and oxalates, insoluble finer ageing low VIt D

17
Q

RDA for Calcium

A

1000mg

18
Q

UL- toxicy?

A

2500mg

consipation, kidenay stones, inhibit iron absorption and calcification in blood

19
Q

How many times doe calico get hydroxylated to become activated?

A

twice, once in liver once in kidneys

calciol-> calcidiol-> calcitriol (active form )

20
Q

Vitamin D essential ?

A

no

21
Q

Calbindin

A

calcium binding protein that is made/ requires Vit D to be made

22
Q

Vit D functions

A

-stimulates osteoclasts
bone calcification
immunity
assist calcium and p absorption

Nutrition and health (4 decks)

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