Toxins Flashcards
Paracetamol toxic dose
Cat 50-100mg/kg
Dog 200mg/kg
Paracetamol toxin clinical signs
Cyanosis Muddy mm Respiratory distress Facial swelling (cat) Liver failure (esp. Dog)
Paracetamol toxicity treatment
Induce Emesis
N-acetylcysteine orally or iv
Ascorbic acid orally
Cimetidine iv
Ibuprofen toxicity clinical signs
Gastric ulceration
Vomiting
Renal failure
Ibuprofen toxicity treatment
Induce Emesis
Activated charcoal
Ivft
Gastroprotectants eg H2 - blockers, omeprazole
Anticoagulant rodenticides toxicity clinical signs
Hge-5 to 7 days post ingestion
Owners witnessed
Anticoagulant rodenticides treatment
Induce emesis
Activated charcoal
Vit k (s/c or orally)
Whole blood or plasma transfusion
Metaldehyde toxicity clinical signs and treatment
Seizures, depression, vomiting, diarrhoea, hyperthermia, metabolic acidosis
Treatment - control seizures, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, cool.
Organophosphates/carbamate insecticides
Clincial signs and treatment
C/s - salivation, lacrimation, urination, vomiting, diarrhoea, muscle tetany, depression
Treatment - activated charcoal, prevent further absorption, bathe if topical.
Atropine, 2-pam
Ethylene glycol toxicity clinical signs and treatment
C/s- v+, depression, ataxia, dehydration, oliguric renal failure
Treatment - induce emesis, Ivft, ethanol
4-methylpyrazole (specific antidote in dog)
Theobromine toxicity clinical signs and treatment
Cs- restlessness, panting, vomiting, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmia
Treatment - induce emesis, activated charcoal, arrhythmia treatment, ivft
Paraquat toxicity clinical signs and treatment
Vomiting, renal and hepatic signs, dyspnoea (pulmonary fibrosis)
No treatment only supportive care
Easter lily
Cs- acute renal failure
Supportive care
Permethrin (some flea treatment)
Toxic to cat even small amounts
Cs- twitching, muscle tremors
Treatment - heavy sedation, anaesthesia, control seizures
Supportive care
Emetics drugs
Apomorphine - conjunctival sac, sc, Im, iv
Xyalazine- cat - im
Washing soda crystals - oral
