Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Patient Care Theory (Sem 2) > Toxicology (W6) > Flashcards

Toxicology (W6) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a toxidrome

A

A collection of S/S that suggest a specific poisoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In the face of an altered LOA, what should you always assess

A

CBG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What pts should you specifically be cautious for child abuse when they are poisoned/OD

A

-pts <5 y/o or intellectually developed
-pts <1 y/o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PNS: __ & __

A

Rest & digest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Symptoms of a stimulated PNS

A

Decreased HR, conduction velocity, FOC (is mediated by the vagus nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SNS: __ or __

A

Fight or flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Symptoms of a stimulated SNS

A

Increased HR, conduction velocity, FOC (mediated by sympathetic nerves)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the neurotransmitters for the PNS, and SNS

A

PNS: acetylcholine
SNS: epinephrine and norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the drug toxicologies that act on the ANS

A

-cholinergic drugs
-anticholinergic drugs
-adrenergic drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 4 routes of drug absorption

A

Inhalation, injection, ingestion, dermal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why is inhalation the shortest acting route of drug delivery (2-3 mins)

A

It provides direct access to the bloodstream via alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Injection can include IV access (30-60 sec) or IM access (10-20 mins), and can cause immediate effects that impact the body how

A

They can be local/allergic/systemic effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ingestion can take from 30-90 mins, although what are some big concerns to consider

A

-can be absorbed into bloodstream before showing S/S
-caustic substances [alkali or acidic] can show immediate effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The dermal/topical route can vary, from minutes to hours but what is key to remember

A

-can include opiates (duragesic) and organophosphates (pesticides)
-decontamination may be required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some terms associated with drug abuse

A

Drug abuse/habituation/drug addition/physical dependence/psychological dependence/tolerance/withdrawal syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some processes that can be used for decontamination

A

Emesis induction, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, bowel irrigation (in hospital)

17
Q

What is the theory behind fluid bolusing a poisoned pt

A

Fluid in large volume = increased urine output = rapid clearance of poison

18
Q

What is the specific antidote for Narcotics

A

Naloxone

19
Q

What is the specific antidote for Acetaminophen

A

N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

20
Q

What is the specific antidote for Iron

A

Deferoxamine

21
Q

What is the specific antidote for Ethylene Glycol, Methanol

A

Ethanol, Fomepazole

22
Q

What is the specific antidote for Cyanide

A

Amyl nitrate, Sodium nitrate, Na thiosulfate

23
Q

What is the specific antidote for Organophosphates

A

Atropine, Pralidoxime (2-PAM)

24
Q

What is the specific antidote for Digitalis

A

Digibind

25
Q

What is the specific antidote for Anticholinergics

A

Physostigmine

26
Q

What is the specific antidote for Benzodiazepines

A

Flumazenil

27
Q

Toxicologic emergencies are often due to what

A

-ataxia/balance issues = trauma
-peripheral nerve damage = decreased sensation

28
Q

What are some major red flags in an individual with suspected substance abuse

A

-drinking early in the day
-drinking alone/in secret
-periodic binging
-loss of memory/blackouts
-tremors and increased anxiety
-chronically flushed face and/or palms

29
Q

What is the legal limit of alcohol

A

<0.08% BACK (80mg/100mL)

30
Q

At __ % BAC = slurred speech
At __ % BAC = limb coordination troubles

A

0.10% // 0.20%

31
Q

When do withdrawal seizures typically occur

A

When a person suddenly stops drinking, usually 12-18hr after last drink

32
Q

What would a pt likely present with if they had delirium tremors (DTs)

A

Confusion, tachycardia, hallucinations, tachycardia, HoTN/dehydration, fever, diaphoresis

33
Q

What causes DTs

A

Excess catecholamine release

34
Q

How soon after the last drink does DT occur

A

48-72+ hr after

Patient Care Theory (Sem 2) (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions