Anaphylaxis (W2)

Question 1

What are the symptoms of anaphylaxis caused by

Answer 1

The release of mediators from mast cells and basophils [histamine, leukotriene, prostaglandin, tryptase]

Question 2

What do histamines cause in the body

Answer 2

Widespread vasodilation, capillary leakage, urticarial skin lesions, spasms of the bronchial smooth muscle resulting in wheezes, pruritus, swelling

Question 3

Why should anaphylaxis be included as a differential when a pt is in shock for unknown reasons

Answer 3

Bc anaphylactic shock can occur in pts w/o prominent skin manifestations or a history of exposure

Question 4

What is the correct dosage for epi in an anaphylactic pt

Answer 4

(1mg/1,000mL) IM, 0.01mg/Kg up to 0.5mg —> wait 5 mins to give another dose, max dose of 2

Question 5

What can an epi dose be rounded to

Answer 5

The nearest 0.05mg (UP NOT DOWN)

Question 6

If you pt weights between 25-50Kg what is the correct dosage for a pt experiencing an allergy

Answer 6

(50mg/1mL) IM/IV, 25mg once

Question 7

If you pt weights 50Kg what is the correct dosage for a pt experiencing an allergy

Answer 7

(50mg/1mL) IM/IV, 50mg once

Question 8

What is different about an anaphylactoid/ nonimmunologic reaction compared to anaphylaxis

Answer 8

It is not an antigen-antibody mediated reaction, exposure to drugs can cause direct release of mediators [tx is the same and overall its indistinguishable]

Question 9

Allergies to exercise, cold, drug, NSAIDs, opioids, neuromuscular blocking agents, dextrain (and other) are classified as what

Answer 9

Anaphylactoid reactions