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CSI Exam 1 > Toxicology Part 2 > Flashcards

Toxicology Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiogenic Effects of Cocaine

A

QRS widening and QT prolongs, Arrhythmias, MI’s, myocarditis, coronary artery dissection, acute HTN,

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2
Q

Pulmonary Effects of Cocaine

A

seizures, stroke, crack dance movements, lethargy following high, cerebral vasoconstriction, hyperthermia, crack eye,

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3
Q

CNS Effects of Cocaine

A

Asthma, Pulmonary hemorrhage
Pneumonitis, Pulmonary edema
Barotrauma from valsalva

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4
Q

GI Effects of Cocaine

A

Intestinal ischemia/necrosis, colitis, splenic infarctions, GI bleeds and perforation

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5
Q

Body stuffers

A

swallow loosely packed cocaine, may show signs of toxicity

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6
Q

Body Packers

A

swallow well-packaged cocaine if 1 breaks = toxic

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7
Q

Renal Effects of Cocaine

A

rhabdomyolysis

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8
Q

Signs of rhabdomyolysis

A

tea colored urine, no RBCs in urine but + for blood, CPK

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9
Q

What illegal drug can induce abruptio placenta?

A

COCAINE

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10
Q

abruptio placenta clinical finding

A

bright red blood WITH pain

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11
Q

Placenta previa clinical finding

A

bright red blood WITHOUT pain

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12
Q

Cocaine is present in urine for

A

3 days

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13
Q

Treatment for cocaine OD

A

benzodiazepines

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14
Q

Haldol treatment for cocaine OD

A

NO - lowers threshold for seizures

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15
Q

Mertopolol treatment for cocaine OD

A

NO - re-entry tachycardia

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16
Q

How do you treat to wide QT prolongations?

A

alkalinization of serum to 7.45-7.50

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17
Q

Patient who ODs on cocaine without symptoms? Treatment

A

Golytely and charcoal

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18
Q

Patient who ODs on cocaine with symptoms? Treatment

A

benzos

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19
Q

Opioid OD effects

A

Respiratory depression, Mental status changes, Pupil constriction: (Opioid OD or pontine stroke,)
Nausea/vomiting, Histamine release–>urticaria, bronchospasm
Urinary retention, Decreased GI motility, constipation, coma
Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema

20
Q

Clinical diagnosis of Opioid OD

A

miosis, respiratory depression, coma,

21
Q

Opioids include

A

Dilaudid, demerol (bad pain med), morphine, heroin, vicodin, oxycontin, codeine, methadone (used to treat heroin addicts)

22
Q

Treatment of Opioid OD? Treatment of Heroin OD?

A

Narcan, can use methadone for heroin

23
Q

What might be on your differential for a Opioid OD patient?

A

Clonidine (for HTN), stroke, hypoglycemia, post-octal state, organophosphates, CO, sedatives

24
Q

Narcan will induce

A

withdrawal symptoms

25
Q

Alcohol can cause

A

malnourishment

26
Q

Minor EtOH withdrawal

A

6-12h, tremors, anxiety, dynamic vitals, sweating, diarrhea

27
Q

Major EtOH withdrawal

A

12-24h, nightmares, hallucinations

28
Q

Severe EtOH withdrawal

A

24h, seizures, “rum fits” (CAN DIE from seizures)

29
Q

Treatment for EtOH OD

A

Benzos, Thiamine

30
Q

Wernicke encephalopathy

A

Low thiamine, etoh abuse

31
Q

Wernicke encephalopathy Triad

A

ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, encephalopathy, reversible

32
Q

Korsakoff amnesia

A

Low thiamine, etoh abuse long term, Anterograde and/or retrograde amnesia, confabulation, apathy
Chronic, non reversible

33
Q

Marijuana (K2) effects

A

Anxiety, HTN, horrible feelings of doom and dread, palpitations, diaphoresis

34
Q

Action of Coumadin/Warfarin

A

blocks synthesis of Vitamin K - dependent clotting factors (2, 7, 9, 10)

35
Q

Toxicity of Coumadin/Warfarin

A

hematuria, GI Bleed, bruising, intra-abdominal bleed

36
Q

Treatment of Coumadin/Warfarin toxicity

A

Vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma

37
Q

Treatment for Heparin toxicity

A

protamine sulfate

38
Q

Treatment for Pradaxa toxicity

A

NONE

39
Q

CO binds Hgb

A

250X greater than O2

40
Q

CO of 10-20% level

A

HA, N/V, dizziness, abd pain

41
Q

CO of 60% level

A

Coma, death, hypotension, seizures

42
Q

Who is at the greatest risk for CO poisoning

A

Fetus/newborn more susceptible due to higher affinity of CO for fetal hgb

43
Q

Would pulse ox indicate CO poisoning

A

No, can’t distinguish b/w carboxyhgb and oxyhgb

44
Q

CO > 20% level

A

confusion, dyspnea, syncope

45
Q

Treatment for CO poisoning

A

100% oxygen or hyperbaric chamber

46
Q

Half-life of CO

A

5 hours, reduced with 100% O2 condition

CSI Exam 1 (16 decks)

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