Dizziness

Question 1

Vertigo

Answer 1

sensation of movement in the absence

Question 2

Peripheral causes for vertigo

Answer 2

inner ear

Question 3

Central causes for vertigo

Answer 3

brain stem / cerebellar

Question 4

3 systems that prevent vertigo

Answer 4

vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive (cerebellar)

Question 5

Utricle

Answer 5

is sensitive to a change in horizontal movement

Question 6

Saccule

Answer 6

provides information about vertical acceleration

Question 7

Abnormalities within the vertical canals ( anterior or posterior ) result in

Answer 7

vertical / torsional nystagmus

Question 8

Abnormalities within the horizontal canal ( lateral ) result in

Answer 8

Horizontal nystagmus

Question 9

Nystagmus

Answer 9

Rhythmic movement of eyes
Fast and slow component
Direction is named by the fast component

Question 10

Caloric reflex test

Answer 10

Cold water = FAST phase of nystagmus to the side Opposite from the cold water filled earWarm water = FAST phase of nystagmus to the Same side as the warm water filled ear

Question 11

Peripheral

Vestibular disease

Answer 11

Abrupt onset, Intense sensation of spinning, Worsened by rapid movement, Associated with nausea, horizontal, torsional, or vertical nystagmus

Question 12

Peripheral Vestibular disease causes

Answer 12

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (Common in ER), Meniere disease, Vestibular neuritis

Question 13

Hallmark of Meniere disease

Answer 13

hearing loss, tinnitus

Question 14

Hallmark of Vestibular neuritis

Answer 14

positional nystagmus

Question 15

Hallmark of Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Answer 15

latency after head movements

Question 16

Central Disease

Answer 16

Gradual, vertical or horizontal nystagmus

Question 17

Central Disease Causes

Answer 17

MS, Neoplasm, Vertebral artery dissection, cerebellar infarct

Question 18

Vertical nystagmus w/o latency =

Answer 18

poor outcome

Question 19

External ear

Answer 19

Otitis media, Cholesteatoma

Question 20

Test hearing

Answer 20

Weber, Rinne

Question 21

Weber

Answer 21

unilateral: sensorineural loss in contra ear, or conductive hearing loss in localized ear

Question 22

Rinne

Answer 22

conductive hearing loss, the bone conduction sound is longer than or equal to the air conduction sound; sensorineural: air is longer than bone but not 2:1

Question 23

Neuro deficits in Central vertigo

Answer 23

Facial paresis
Truncal ataxia (romberg)

Question 24

Dix-Hallpike tests for

Answer 24

benign positional vertigo

(+) if rotational nystagmus occurs

Question 25

Treatments to eliminate vertigo

Answer 25

antimetics, benzos, anti-histamines, Ca antagonists, Anticholinergics

Question 26

Treatment for Menieres

Answer 26

Low salt, diuretics (cures distention of endolympahtic compartment)

Question 27

Treatment for Vestibular neuritis

Answer 27

Supportive care , Diazepam, Meclizine

Question 28

Treatment for Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Answer 28

latency

Question 29

positional nystagmus

Answer 29

Vestibular neuritis

Question 30

gradual onset

Answer 30

central disease

Question 31

latency

Answer 31

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo