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RU PA Pharm > Toxicology and Inflammation > Flashcards

Toxicology and Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

fondaparinux

A

anticoag
has polysaccharide of heparin
binds ATIII and inhibitys Xa, but not thrombin

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2
Q

Protamine

A

basic drug used to reverse heparin, doesn’t work on fundaparinux, min effect on LMWH

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3
Q

Enoxaparin

A

LMWH

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4
Q

Dalteparin

A

LMWH

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5
Q

Tinzaparin

A

LMWH

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6
Q

Argatroban

A

direct thrombin inhibitor

IV

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7
Q

Bivalirudin

A

direct thrombin inhibitor

IV

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8
Q

Dabigatran

A

direct thrombin inhibitor

oral

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9
Q

Apixaban

A

Xa inhibitor

oral

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10
Q

Rivaroxaban

A

Xa inhibitor

oral

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11
Q

Kcentra

A

prothrombin protein concentrate

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12
Q

Streptokinase

A

fybronolytic

IV

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13
Q

alteplase

A

tPA

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14
Q

reteplase

A

tPA

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15
Q

tenecteplase

A

tPA

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16
Q

ticlopidine

A

antiplatelet

ADP antagonist

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17
Q

clopidogrel

A

antiplatelet

ADP antagonist

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18
Q

prasugrel

A

antiplatelet

ADP antagonist

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19
Q

ticagrelor

A

antiplatelet

ADP antagonist

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20
Q

cangrelor

A

antiplatelet

ADP antagonist

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21
Q

dipyridamole

A

antiplatelet

phosphodiasterase 3 inhibitor

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22
Q

abcximab

A

GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors

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23
Q

aptifibatide

A

GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors

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24
Q

tirfiban

A

GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors

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25
Q

insulin lispro

A

rapid insulin

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26
Q

insulin aspart

A

rapid insulin

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27
Q

insulin glulisine

A

rapid insulin

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28
Q

neutral protamine Hagedorn

A

intermediate insulin

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29
Q

insulin glargine

A

long insulin

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30
Q

insulin detemir

A

long insuline

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31
Q

afrezza

A

inhaled insulin

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32
Q

glyburide

A

secretagogue, sulfonylurea

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33
Q

glipizide

A

secretagogue, sulfonylurea

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34
Q

glimeperide

A

secretagogue, sulfonylurea

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35
Q

repaglinide

A

secretagogue, meglitinide, sulfar free

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36
Q

nateglinide

A

secretagogue,D-phenylnine , sulfar free

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37
Q

metformin

A

biguanide

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38
Q

pioglitazone

A

thiazolidinedione

PRAR-g

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39
Q

rosiglitazone

A

thiazolidinedione

PRAR-g

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40
Q

acarboze

A

a-glucosidise inhibitor

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41
Q

miglitol

A

a-glucosidise inhibitor

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42
Q

pramlintide

A

amylin analogue

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43
Q

exenatide

A

glucagon-polypeptide analogue, incretin

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44
Q

sitagliptin

A

DDP-4 enzyme inhibitor, which increases glucagon-polypeptide- incretin effect

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45
Q

cholestyramine

A

bile acid resin

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46
Q

colestipol

A

bile acid resin

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47
Q

ezetimibe

A

dietary cholestertol transport inhibitor

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48
Q

niacin

A

most effective for increasing HDL

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49
Q

clofibrate

A

fibric acid

most effective in lowering TG

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50
Q

gemfibrozil

A

fibric acid

most effective in lowering TG

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51
Q

alicorumab( Praluent)

A

monoclonal antibody
PCSK9 inhibitor
lowers LDL

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52
Q

dinoprostone

A

PGE2-vasodialator, GI mucosa protector

-induces labor, 2nd trimestor abortions

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53
Q

misoprostol

A

PGE1-vasodialator, GI mucosa protector, inhibits platelet aggregation
used to tx gastric ulceration and NSADS gastric SE

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54
Q

alprostadil

A

PGE1-vasodialator, GI mucosa protector, inhibits platelet aggregation
-improves blood flow in peripheral vascular disease, maintains PDA

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55
Q

latanoprost

A

PGF2-vaso and bronchoconstrictor

topical to control glaucoma

56
Q

epoprostenol

A

PGI2-vasodialator, prevents and reverses platelet aggregation
reverses pulmonary HTN

57
Q

ibuprofen

A

COX non-selective NSAID

for inflammatory episode in gout

58
Q

indomethacin

A

COX non-selective NSAID
closes PDA
not fr pain, only inflammation, 11%-headachefor inflammatory episode in gout

59
Q

ketoprofen

A

COX non-selective NSAID

60
Q

naproxen

A

COX non-selective NSAID

61
Q

ketorolac

A

COX non-selective NSAID
-recommended for pain only, not inflammation
-renal failure
headache 17%, dyspepsia, NV-12%

62
Q

sulindac

A

COX non-selective NSAID

not for pain

63
Q

rofecoxib

A

COX- 2 selective NSAID

64
Q

celecoxib

A

COX- 2 selective NSAID

65
Q

valdecoxib

A

COX- 2 selective NSAID

66
Q

methotrexate

A

DMARD
liver toxic
not in pregnancy

67
Q

leflunomide

A

DMARD

hepatotoxic, teratogenic

68
Q

gold salts

A

DMARD

69
Q

sulfasalazine

A

DMARD

70
Q

hydroxychloroquine

A

DMARD

71
Q

infliximab

A

anti-TNF
RA and Crohn’s
used with methotrexate to reduce likelihood of antobody formation

72
Q

adalimumab

A

anti-TNF

all human, so unlikely to have Ab response

73
Q

etanercept

A

anti-TNF, decoy receptor

74
Q

rituximab

A

anti-CD20 (antigen on B cells surface)

RA tx

75
Q

anakinra

A

IL-1 receptor

RA tx

76
Q

colchicine

A

anti-inflammatory, gout
targets inflammatory cells directly
acute tox:hemorrhagic gastroenteritis,vascular damage, nephrotoxic, acsending paralysis of CNS

77
Q

probenecid

A

uricosuric, inhibits uric acid resorbtion in the proximal convoluted tubule, reduces its blood levels

78
Q

allopurinol

A

xanthine oxadize inhibitor, reduces uric acid blood levels

chronic gout

79
Q

febuxostat

A

xanthine oxadize inhibitor, reduces uric acid blood levels

80
Q

hydrocortisone

A

glucocorticoid

81
Q

cortisone

A

glucocorticoid, weaker than hydrocortisone

82
Q

prednisone

A

glucocorticoid

83
Q

methylprednisolone

A

glucocorticoid

84
Q

triamcinolone

A

glucocorticoid

85
Q

dexamethasone

A

glucocorticoid, 30x stronger than hydrocortisone

86
Q

betamethasone

A

glucocorticoid, 25x stronger than hydrocortisone

87
Q

aldosterone

A

mineralocorticoid

88
Q

fludrocortisone

A

mineralocorticoid, 250x stronger than aldosteronr

89
Q

aminoglutethimide

A

corticosteroid antagonist
blocks steroid formation rate limiting step, conversion of cholesterol into pregnalone
eliminates all hormonally active steroids

90
Q

metyrapone

A

corticosteroid antagonist

inhibits cortisol synthesis, 11beta

91
Q

trilostane

A

corticosteroid antagonist

3beta dehydrogynase

92
Q

cimetidine

A

h2 blocker

93
Q

ranitidine

A

h2 blocker

94
Q

famotidine

A

h2 blocker

95
Q

nizatidine

A

h2 blocker

96
Q

omeprazole

A

PPI

97
Q

lansoprazole

A

PPI

98
Q

rabeprazole

A

PPI

99
Q

pantoprazole

A

PPI

100
Q

esomeprazole

A

PPI

101
Q

atropine

A

anti-muscarinic

102
Q

glycopyrrolate

A

anti-muscarinic

103
Q

misoprostol

A

protector from gastric acid

cytoprotective, for NSAIDS induces ulcer

104
Q

sucralfate

A

protector from gastric acid

turns into pretective gel

105
Q

metronidazole/tetracycline

A

antibiotic for ulcer H.pylori

use with bismuth sabsalycilate

106
Q

clarythromyacin

A

antibiotic for ulcer,H.pylori

use with omeprazole

107
Q

metoclopromide

A

pro-kinetic, increase ACh

108
Q

cisapride

A

pro-kinetic, increase ACh

109
Q

osmotic saline, PEG

A

osmotic laxative

110
Q

docusate

A

surfactant laxative

111
Q

psyllium

A

bulk forming laxative

112
Q

bisacodyl

A

stimulat laxative

113
Q

diphenoxylate

A

anti-diarrheal,opioid

114
Q

loperamide

A

anti-diarrheal,opioid

115
Q

bismuth sabsalycilate

A

anti-diarrheal,

116
Q

ritanserin

A

serotonin 5Ht2

antiplatelet

117
Q

cyproheptadine

A

serotonin 5Ht2

skin allergies

118
Q

methysergide

A

serotonin 5Ht2

migraine

119
Q

ondansetron

A

serotonin 5Ht3

anti emetic

120
Q

diphenhydramine

A

H1, allergy cold

121
Q

dimenhydrinate

A

H1, anti motion

122
Q

meclizine

A

H1, anti motion

123
Q

hydroxyzine

A

H1, anti motion

124
Q

promethazine

A

H1, aallergy cold

125
Q

chlorpheniramine

A

H1, aallergy cold

126
Q

astemizole

A

H1, allergy

127
Q

fexofenadine

A

H1, allergy

128
Q

loratadine

A

H1, allergy

129
Q

scopolamine

A

anti muscarinic,anti motion patch

130
Q

prochlorperazine

A

D2 blocker, anti emetic on CTZ

131
Q

chlorpromazine

A

D2 blocker, anti emetic on CTZ

132
Q

metocloprmide

A

D2 blocker

133
Q

promethazine

A

D2 blocker

134
Q

chlorphenamine maleate

A

H1

135
Q

azelastine

A

H1

136
Q

cetirizine

A

zyrtec

RU PA Pharm (5 decks)

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