Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

RU PA Pharm > CNS 1 Pharm > Flashcards

CNS 1 Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

methylphenidate

A 
ADHD tx
DA and NE reuptake inhibitor
-short acting 2-4 h
-SANS side effects
-possible effect on growth(controversial)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Adderall

A

ADHD
-amphetamine
only advantage over methylphenidate that it’s longer acting ( 12-14 h)
-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Atomexetine

A

ADHD
preferentially NE action, so no dependence potential, more effective on attention
potentially may replace methylphenidate as a drug of choice for ADHD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pemoline

A

ADHD
long acting DA agonist
less efficacious and risk of fulminant hepatatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pramipexole

A

direct DA agonist

  • effective as levodopa in early disease, but not in late stage
  • Neuroprotective
  • SE: sleep attacks,risk of OCD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ethanol

A

antitremor

-effective for essential tremor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ropinirole

A

Direct acting DA agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

propranolol

A

antitremor

-effective for essential tremor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Benztropine

A

antimuscarinic and DA reuptake inhibitor (takes advantage of DA/AcH balance theory)
tx of parkinsonism effects of antipsychotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Aripiprazole

A 
atypical antipsychotic(Abilify)
MOA: partial antagonist of D2 receptors (80% selective)
very low risk of EPSA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Quetiapine

A 
2nd geniration antipsychotic (Seroquel)
MOA: partial 5HT 1A agonist
DA antagonist (Not much D2)
serotonin antagonist
antihistamine

Low EPSA +tardive Dyskinesia
high weight gain
high sedating
high orthostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dystonia drugs

A

antimuscarinics
benzodiazepines
botox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Trihexyphenidyl

A

ANTIMUSCARINIC, almost no effect on DAT

used to tx parkinsonism signs of antipsychotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ziprasidone

A

atypical antipsychotic
MOA: D2, D3, 5HT antagonist
Also 5HT1A agonist-may alleviate anxiety and depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

OLANZAPINE

A

2nd generation antipsychotic, atypical
MOA: D4 anatgonist, little D2(reason for atypica?)
Potent antimuscarinic

Low EPSE 
low TD
low orthostasis
high weight gain
high sedating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

risperidone

A

2nd generation antipsychotic, atypical
MOA: some DA anatgonist, potent 5HT antagonist
-Atypical ONLY at LOWER doses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Clozapine

A

atypical antipsychotic
MOA: D4 antagonist w/little striatal D2 anatagonist (reason for Atypical)
potent antimuscarinic
-very effective for psychosis/hallucination associated with PD meds
-very effective for negative symptoms, i=unlike other atypicals

  • paradoxical wet pillow-excessive drooling
  • risk of agranulocytosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

diazepam(valium)

A

BENZODIAZEPINES (prototypical)
96 h half life
long acting used for anxiety and problems staying asleep, as well as managemnt of seizures from alcohol withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

triazolam

A

benzodiazepine,
for troubles falling asleep
short-acting 3-8 h.
more associated with anterograde amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

lorazepam(ativan)

A 
benzodiazepine
intermediate acting (10-20 h)
FDA approved an antianxiety
-used for status epilepticus
safe for people with compromised liver function because conjugated outside liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

estazolam

A

benzodiazepine
intermediate acting
for longer sedation and trouble staying asleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

flumazenil

A

direct acting competitive benzodiazepine antagonist

-used to reverse BZD/alcohol inuced coma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

pentobarbital

A

barbiturate

-used to induce coma in status epilepticus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

phenobarbital

A

barbiturate
autoinducer
1/day dose, long half life
-used to manage generalized seisures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
zolpidem (Ambien)
-benzodiazepine-like | does not suppress REM, little musle relaxant, little rebound insomnia
26
Meprobromate
anti-anxiety | greater potential for tox in overdose; SE: hypotension, respiratory arrest
27
Eszopiclone(Lunesta)
-benzodiazepine-like, safe for chronic use because low tolerance
28
Remelteon
-new type of sedative hypnotic | melatonin agonist, no adverse events but not as agood a sedative
29
Zeleplon
short duration sedative hypnotic for troubles falling asleep, but NOT staying asleep
30
Buspirone
selective anxyolytic, 5HT-1A partial agonist, small anti DA effective for generalized anxirty, but not panic attacks no dependence, no sedation, no anti-epileptic
31
Propranolol
selective anxiolytic | stage freight
32
baclofen
anti-spastic GABA-B specific (only in spinal cord) reduces afferent reflexes mediating spasticity less sedating than BDZ in anti-spastic doses, but withdrawal effects are severe hyper-spasticity and seizures- higher doses delivered intrathecally are used
33
CNS depressants
anesthetics, alcohol, BDZs, barbiturates
34
codeine
opioid analgesic, full agonist -converted to morphine -less sedating and analgesic, but more antitussive (affinity for Glu receptors) -adverse affects similar to morphine but less severe HIGH constipation
35
morphine
opioid analgesic | "morphine flush"
36
heroine
opioid analgesic, full agonist converted to morphine and produces "morphine flush" -greater dependence risk than morphine because enters the brain quicker(more lipid soluble)
37
hydromorphone(dilaudid)
opioid analgesic, full agonist
38
hydrocodone (vicodin)
opioid analgesic, full agonist -used in combinations with acetominophen and ibuprofen analgesic and antitussive potency>>codeine
39
oxycodone
opioid analgesic, full agonist SUSTASINED RELEASE often abused
40
meperidine(demerol)
- opioid analgesic, full agonist - 1/10 morphine potency - metabolite non-peredine can cause CNS excitation in patients with renal disease or in high doses - in combination with MAOI-serotonin syndrome, because inhibits seratonin transporter
41
fentanyl
opioid analgesic, full agonist 80 times > morphine NEVER to non-tolerant patients due to respiratory depression risk
42
methadone
opioid analgesic, full agonist cross linking with morphine, but long acting, great oral availability, easier to withdraw from -tx of narcotic abstinence syndrom and methadone program
43
propoxyphene
opioid analgesic, full agonist
44
pentazocine
prototypical partial opioid agonist - respiratory depression ceiling effect - minor withdrawal symptoms when swithced from full agonist - psychotomimetic effect in high doses
45
buprenorphine
partial mu opioid agonist | similar to varenicline in smoking sessation used to treat opiod abstinence patients
46
naloxone
opioid antagonist - used to treat opioid overdose(coma, miosis, respiratory depression); very short 1/2 life so pt. has to be monitored not to slip back into coma - always IV - can trigger withdrawal in addicts and reduce pain threshold in normal people
47
naltrexone
opioid antagonist | effects similar to naloxone, but used less frequently and available in ORAL form
48
Tramadol(ultram)
partial opioid mu agonist(analgesic)-effects not as pronounces (e.g respiratory depression NE and 5HT reuptake inhibitor-potentiate opiod actions
49
dextromethorphan
non- narcotic centrally acting antitussive, Glu antagonist | antitussiv effect similar to codeine but no analgesic, euphoric or respiratory deprssion side effects
50
diphenoxylate with atropine
opioid like, tx of diarrhea | atropin( antimuscarinic-constipation+ unpleasant side effects when large doses)
51
loperamide(imodium)
opiod like; tx of diarrhea | doesn't cross BBB, but if used with greapfruit juice -morphine like effects
52
Imipramine
tca
53
amitriptyline
TCA
54
trazodone
heterocyclic antidepressant, 5HT2 antagonist, Glu release, paradoxical
55
fluoxetine
SSRI - very long half-life, so interaction with other antidepressants possible when switching meds, but skipped dose is not that important - high potential of CV and CNS drug interaction
56
venlafaxine
5HT and NE reuptake inhibitor
57
phenelzine
MAOI, suicide inhibition
58
lithium carbonate
antimanic
59
carbamazepine
antimanic
60
valproate
antimanic
61
bupropion
NE and DA reuptake inhibitor
62
venlafaxin
SNRI
63
Mertazapine
NE and serotonin specific reuptake inhibitor, alpha antagonist
64
selegiline
Indirect DA tone agonist, selective MAO-B inhibitor converted to amphetamine/methamphetamine-DA, NE, 5ht reuptake inhibitors that further increases DA -tx PD symptoms and slows Clinical progression
65
rasagiline
Indirect DA tone agonist, selective MAO-B inhibitor | DOESN'T convert to amphetamine
66
tolcapone
Indirect DA agonist,peripheral and central COMT inhibitor -cross BBB and increases levodopa availability and length of action in brain T for TOTAL COMT inhibition and Liver TOXICITY
67
entacapone
Indirect DA agonist, peripheral COMT inhibitor | -extends levodopa availability to brain, does not cross BBB
68
ropinirole
direct DA agonist - effective as levodopa in early disease, but not in late stage - Neuroprotective - SE: sleep attacks, risk of OCD
69
haloperidol
typical antipsychotic highest therapeutic index huntington's and torret
70
chlorpromazine
typical antipsychotic
71
thioridazine
typical antipsychotic, but | doesn't cause EPSEs due to its muscarinic activity
72
fluphenazine
typical antipsychotic
73
Apomorphine, | Syrup of epicac
Emetics, | Act on CTZ
74
Prochlorperazine, ondansetron, metoclopramide
Antiemetic | Act on CTZ

RU PA Pharm (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions