Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Chemistry 2 > TOXICOLOGY AND DRUG OF ABUSE > Flashcards

TOXICOLOGY AND DRUG OF ABUSE Flashcards

1
Q

study of substances toxic to the body

A

toxicology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

dose that would be predicted to produce a toxic response in 50% of the population

A

TD50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

dose that would predict death in 50% of the population

A

LD50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

dose that would be predicted as affective or has a therapeutic benefit in 50% of the population

A

ED50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Common CNS depressants which may cause disorientation, euphoria, confusion, and may progress to unconsciousness, paralysis and even death

A

Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most common abused drug; a CNS depressant which causes diuresis by inhibiting ADH

A

Ethanol (Grain Alcohol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Antidote for chronic intoxication of ethanol

A

diazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

preferred method for ethanol

A

enzymatic using alcohol dehydrogenase reagent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

commonly used solvent and a contaminant of homemade liquors. Converted to formaldehyde, and formic acid in the liver by alcohol dehydrogenase

A

methanol (wood alcohol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

preferred method for methanol

A

GC-MS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Rapidly absorbed by the GIT and is metabolized by hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase to acetone

A

Isopropanol (rubbing alcohol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the antidote and preferred method for isopropanol?

A

Activated charcoal and gas chromatography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

common constituent of hydraulic fluid and antifreeze

A

ethylene glycol
- hplc as preferred method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas and a very toxic substance. Produced by incomplete combustion of carbon-containing substances such as gasoline engines, organic materials in fire and cigarette smokes

A

carbon monoxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

symptoms of alcohol intoxication begin when the concentration is?

A

> 0.05%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Can exist as a solid, gas, or in solution. Super toxic substance and death may occur less than an hour. It is a component of insecticides and rodenticides , and a common suicidal agent

A

cyanide
-odor of bitter almonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Common of ant poisons, rodenticides, paints, and metal alloys. Common suicide, and heavy metal poisoning

A

arsenic
- “odor of garlic” breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

It inhibits sulfhydryl enzymes throughout the body and it crosses the placenta

A

arsenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

antidote for arsenic?

A

British anti-lewisite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

It is utilized in electroplating and galvanizing. It is a significant environmental pollutant and a pigment in paints and plastics. Causes Itai-Itai Disease

A

Cadmium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Potent enzyme inhibitor by blocking the delta aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthase, pyrimidine-5’ nucleotidase, and NA-K-dependent ATPase

A

Lead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Metals that can cross the placenta

A

Lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Neurological symptoms may include: encephalopathy characterized by a cerebral edema and ischemia. Severe can lead to stupor, convulsions and coma

A

Lead
-with a characteristic of wrist drop or foot drop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Binds with sulfhydryl proteins. And inhibits catecholamine-0-methyltransferase

A

Mercury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Major toxic effect of elemental mercury

A

Pink disease (acrodynia) and erethism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Major toxic effect if alkyl mercury

A

Congenital Minimata Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Method for mercury

A

Reinsch test

28
Q

A product of incomplete combustion or heating of organic material containing carbon and hydrogen. Known environmental contaminant with carcinogenic property

A

Benzo (A) pyrene

29
Q

Therapeutically used for treatment of narcolepsy and attentional deficit disorder. Structurally related to dopamine and catecholamines

A

Amphetamines

30
Q

most abundant pesticide and responsible for 1/3 of pesticide poisoning

A

organophosphates

31
Q

First marketed as benzedrine and was used to treat obesity before

A

Amphetamines

32
Q

bennies, black beauties, crank, ice, speed and uppers

A

Amphetamines

33
Q

also known as uppers because they increase the alertness and energy of the person taking them

A

stimulants

34
Q

also known as opioids. Drugs that relieves pain

35
Q

capable of analgesia, sedation, and anesthesia. Derived chemically from opium poppy.

36
Q

antagonist for opiate overdose

A

naloxon or narcan

37
Q

Big H, Black Tar, Chiva, Hell Dust, Horse, Negra, Smack, and Thunder

38
Q

D, Dillies, Dust, Footballs, Juice and Smack

A

Hydromorphone

39
Q

Amidones, Chocolate Chip cookies, Fizzies, Maria, Pastora, Salvia, Street Methadone and Wafer. This is a synthetic narcotic

40
Q

Most effective narcotic for pain. Principal constituent of opium and non-synthetic

41
Q

Dreamer, Emsel, first Line, god’s Drug, Hows, MS, Mister Blue, Morf, Morpho, and Unkie

42
Q

Ah-pen-yen, Aunti, Aunti Emma, Big O, Black Pill,
Chandoo, Chinese Molasses, Chinese Tobacco,
Dover’s Powder, Dream Gun, Dream Stick, Easing
Powder, God’s Medicine, Hops, Midnight oil, Joy Plant,
Zero, Toys and Toxy

43
Q

Synthesize from thebaine, a constituent of the poppy plant. Hillbilly heroin, Kicker, OC, Ox, Roxy, Perc, Oxy

44
Q

Heroin, Morphine, Oxycodone, Fentanyl, Methadone, Codeine, Hydrocodone

A

Constricted pupils

45
Q

Marijuana, cocaine or crack, benzodiazepines, depressants (alcohol sedatives)

46
Q

Ampethamines, methamphetamines, cocaine or crack, hallucinogens, opiates, heroin, marijuana, speed

A

dilated pupils

47
Q

● Coca, Coke, Crack, Flake, Snow and Sod Cot
● Has a strong addictive potentialve potential

48
Q

● It is derived from coca plant and used
● Used as local anesthetics for as additive to some food
nasopharyngeal surgery
● A potent CNS stimulant that elicits a sense of
excitement and euphoria
● Can cause sudden death due to direct toxicity on
myocardium
● Overdosage may result to violent behavior

49
Q

Inhibitor and treatment for cocaine

A

● Inhibitor: Prozac (anti-depressant)
● Treatment: Benzodiazepine

50
Q

● Abyssinian Tea, African Salad, Catha, Chat, Kat, Oat
● Has a stimulant effect

51
Q

“Zombie drugs” because of high energy and
aggressiveness and occassional skimming

52
Q

Shabu, Meth, Ice, Crank, Chalk, Crystal, Fire, go fast
and Speed
● “Poor man’s cocaine”
● Common in the Philippines
● CNS stimulant

A

Methamphetamine

53
Q

This will put you to sleep, relieve pain, anxiety and muscle spasms and prevent seizure

A

DEPRESSANTS

54
Q

Barbs, Block Buster, Christmas Trees, Goof Balls, Pinks,Red Devils, red and Blues and Yellow Jackets

A

BARBITURATES

55
Q

Common for sedation, to induce sleep, anxiety, muscle spasm, and also for seizures.

A

BENZODIAZEPINES

56
Q

a pill; “date-rape” pill (mga nilalagay sa
drinks)

57
Q

Easy Lay, G, Georgia Home Boy, GHB, Goop, Grievous bodily Harm, Liquid Ecstacy, Liquid X and
Scoop. Also sold as fish tank cleaner, ink stain remover, ink
cartridge remover and nail enamel remover

A

Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid

58
Q

Circle, Forget-Me Pill, La Rocha, Lunch Money Drug,
Mexican Valium, Reynold, Roach, Roapies, Rophies,
Wolfies and Date-Rape Drug

59
Q

Adams, Beans, Clarity, Disco Biscuits, E, Eve, Go, Hug
Drug, Lover’s Speed, Peace, STP, X, Party drug and
XTC

A

ECSTACY / MDMA

60
Q

Acid, Blotter Acids, Dots, Mellow Yellow and Window
Pane

A

Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)

61
Q

Has no medical use
● For patients who has LSD or took LSD, they exhibit a
behavior described as “Mainitin ang ulo” (hot-headed)

A

Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) - diazepam ang antidote

62
Q

It came from a plant that has a psychoactive properties
known as the Cannabis sativa / Cannabis indica /
Cannabis ruderalis

A

MARIJUANA/ CANNABIS

63
Q

Aunt Mary, BC Bud, Blunts, Boom, Dope, Gangster,
Ganja, Grass, Hash, Hash-ish, Herb, Kif, Joint, Mary
Jane, Pot, Reefer, Sinsemilla, Skunk, Smoke, Weed
and Yerba

A

MARIJUANA/ CANNABIS

64
Q

most potent component or the psychoactive substance of marijuana (induces euphoria)

A

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

65
Q

angel’s dust or angel hair

A

PHENCYCLIDINE

66
Q

Chemically associated with male hormone
testosterone

A

ANABOLIC STEROIDS

67
Q

Arnolds, Juice, Pumpers, Roids, Stackers, and Weight
Gainers

Clinical Chemistry 2 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions