Liver Function Flashcards
Chief metabolic organ in the body. And is composed of three systems
Liver
Hepatocytic, hepatobiliary, and reticuloendothelial
To eliminate toxins such as alcohol, what are the two enzymes are essential in the pathway?
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
Primary liver parenchymal cells and play complicated roles in fibrosis and cirrhosis. It represents 80% of the volume of the liver and is responsible for regenerative property.
Hepatocyte
Has the phagocytic role, engulfing organisms and toxins
Kupfer cell
What does liver secretes?
plasma proteins, carbohydrates, ketone bodies, lipids, lipoproteins, clotting factors, enzymes and xenobiotics
The normal liver produces how many g or albumin daily?
12grams
How many mg of bilirubin is produced daily in the healthy adult?
200 to 300mg
Ammonia is converted to what in the liver?
Urea
Bile acids (cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid are conjugated with amino acids _______ to form bile salts
glycine and taurine
routine markers for the measurement of hepatic synthetic function
total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin/globulin ratio
secondary for the measurement of hepatic synthetic function
prothrombin time
plasma levels of tp is _____ higher than serum due to fibrinogen
0.2 - 0.4 g/dL
In measuring total protein, is fasting required?
naur
Reference range for total protein?
6.5 - 8.3 g/dL
It is the reference method for total protein measurement but not routinely used
Kjeldahl method
Kjeldahl method is based on the measurement of_______ of protein. It uses serum samples treated with ___ forming protein free filtrate.
nitrogen content; 15.1 to 16.8%
tungstic acid
1 grams of nitrogen is equivalent to?
6.54 g of proteins
What is the reagent and end product in Kjeldahl method?
sulfuric acid (digesting agent)
ammonia
Widely used method for tp measurement and recommended by the IFCC. Explain the principle
Biuret Method
Cupric ions form a complex with peptide bond, forming a violet-colored chelate which is proportional to the number of peptide bonds present and reflect the total protein level (545 nm)
It influences the Biuret method, causing falsely elevated total protein
hemolysis
ictericia
What is/are the reagents and reference range for biuret method?
Alkaline copper sulfate, Rochelle salt (NaK Tartrate), NaOH, Potassium Iodide
6.5 - 8.3 g/dL
It has the highest analytical sensitivity. Reagents used are phosphotungstic-molybdic acid or phenol reagent
Folin-Ciocalteu Method
Turbidimetric and nephelometric utilizes what acids?
sulfosalicylic acid and trichloroacetic acid
proteins absorbs light at?
210nm - due to absorbance of peptide bonds
280nm - due to tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine