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forensic medicine > toxicology > Flashcards

toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

narcoric drug and psychotropic act was passed in

A

1985

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2
Q

drugs used for narcoanalysis

A 
sodium pentathal( thiopentone sodium) P
sodium amytal A
sodium seconal S
scopolamine S
PASS
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3
Q

most common form of arsenic used is ?

A

arsenic trioxids

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4
Q

fatal dose of arsenic

A

0.1-0.2 gm .

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5
Q

which poison delays putrefaction and can be found in bones hairs and nails for several yrs

A

arsenic

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6
Q

which metal can be found from from completely decomposed bodies ,charred bones , ashes

A

arsenic

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7
Q

stages of chronic arsenic poisoning

A

1st 》 stage of gasttoenteritis
2nd 》catarrhal stage
3rd》skin rash resembles fading measels rash
4th 》nervous disturbance mixed sensory and motor neuropathy mimicking gullian barre
symmetrical sensory neuropathy with glove and stocking is diagnostic of arsenic poisoning

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8
Q

moa of arsenic poisoning

A

interferes with cellular respiration by combing with sulphhydryl grps of mitochondrial enzymes

it particularly adhers with vascular endothelium
leading to increased permeabilty and vascular damge

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9
Q

patchy brown raindrop type hyperpigmentation of palms and soles
and blistering is seen in

A

arsenic

poisoning

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10
Q

mees lines are seen n ??

A

arsenic poisoning
&thallium poisoning
they r white transverse opaque bands crossing nails indicating areas of arrested growth

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11
Q

red velvety stomach mucosa is seen in

A

arsenic poisoning

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12
Q

features of arsenic poisoning

A 
M 》 marsh test 
M》mees lines
N》neuritis 
N》numbness
O》 odour garlic on breath 
P》putrefaction is retarded
P》paraesthesia and numbness
mixed sensory and motor neuropathy 
R》rain drop hyperpigmentation
R》red velvety stomach mucosa 
R》rigor mortis lasts longer
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13
Q

treatment of arsenic poisoning

A

hydrate ferric salt is given
as it forms harmless salt

BAL as a antidotes
alkali are contraindicated

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14
Q

gutziet test is for ?

A

arsenic poisoning

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15
Q

difference bw arsenic and cholera

A

ARSENIC CHLOERA
throat pain before vomiting after vomiting
purging after vomiting before vomiting
stools initially bloody thn rice rice watery
watery
tenesmus + -
voice normal rough
conjunctiva inflamed not inflamed

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16
Q

father of toxicology

A

paracelsus

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17
Q

father of modern toxicology

A

mathieu orfila

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18
Q

poisoning with irritant poisons can be mistaken for

A

gastroenteritis

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19
Q

which metal poison can be detected by analysing bone / burnt bone

A

arsenic

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20
Q

black foot ds ie severe gangrene of lower limbs is seen in

A

arsenic poisoning

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21
Q

a pinch of which poison can kill as many as 5 persons

A

arsenic

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22
Q

in chronic arsenic poisoning greatest amt is found in

A

liver 》kidney 》spleen,hair,nails ,bone marrow

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23
Q

a poisoning where cadaveric rigidity is lasting longer is

A

arsenic

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24
Q

rigor mortis is not seen in ?

A

fetus < 7 mnths

septicemia conditions

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25
Q

in which conditions rigor mortis appears early and passes off early

A

these r conditions where muscle is exhausted and glycogen stores r depleted
like
1 chronic ds like TB ;cancer ,typhoid ,cholera
2 convulsive disorders as strychnine poisoning
3 violent deaths as cut throat ,fire arms ,electocution ,lightening

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26
Q

conditions in which rigor mortis appears early and lasts longer

A

drowning

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27
Q

rigor mortis lasts longer in following conditions

A

drowning
CO
arsenic

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28
Q

early dissappearnce of rigor mortis is seen in

A

bacterial infection widspread as gas gangrene

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29
Q

delayed onset rigor mortis is seen in

A

▪asphyxia
▪apoplexy
▪severe hrge
▪pneumonia ▪paralysis of muscle due to nervous ds

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30
Q

A young woman employed as a dental laboratory technician complains of conjunctivitis, skin irritation, and hair loss. On examination, she has perforation of the nasal septum and a “milk and roses” complexion. These signs and symptoms are most likely due to

(A) Acute mercury poisoning

(B) Chronic inorganic arsenic poisoning

(C) Chronic mercury poisoning

(D) Excessive use of supplementary iron tablets

A

The “milk and roses” complexion, which results from vasodilation and anemia, is a characteristic of chronic inorganic arsenic poisoning, whereas patients with lead poisoning often have a gray pallor. Other signs and symptoms of arsenic poisoning include gastrointestinal distress, hyperpigmentation, and white lines on the nails. We hope you were not led astray by her employment. The answer is B.

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31
Q

green blue skin hair and perspiration is seen in

A

copper poisoning

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32
Q

claptons lines is seen in

A

copper poisoning greenish lines on margins of gums due to copper sulphide poisoning

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33
Q 
in chronic arsenic poisoning following samples can be sent for  lab analysis except 
nail
hair 
bone 
blood
A

in chronic poisoning arsenic is rapidly cleared from blood and
is deposited various tissue therefore arsenic can be detected in blood in acute cases only

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34
Q

plumbism or saturism is another name of ?

A

chronic lead poisoning

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35
Q

facial pallor is earliest
and most consistent
sign of

A

chronic lead poisoning

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36
Q

clinical features of lead poisoning r

A 
A anaemia
    ALA levels inc  
anorexia 
arthralgia 
abortion
atrophy of optic nerve 
B
basophilia punctuate, brutonian line(blue line present  in upper jaw)
C
colic and constipation
increased coproporphyrin 
cerebral edema
D  pure motor palsy 
drop  
wrist ,foot 
E
encephalopathy eosinophilia 
emaciation
F
facial pallor 
foul breath 
fanconi syn 
G
gonadal dysfunction 
gout like pictures 
H
headache 
hallucination 
high bp
I
impotence 
irritability 
insomnia
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37
Q

clinical features of lead poisoning r

A 
A anaemia 
B
basophilia punctuate, brutonian line 
C
colic and constipation
increased coproporphyrin D
drop 
wrist ,foot 
E
encephalopathy eosinophilia 
F
facial pallor
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38
Q

osteomyelitis of jaw with multiple discharging sinuses and necrosis
and foul smelling pus is seen in ?

A

chronic phosphorous poisoning or phos jaw

characteristic loosening of teeth ,necrosis of gums and sequesteration of mandible

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39
Q

earliest sign of lead poisoning is

A
  • facial pallor

* puntate basophilia

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40
Q

earliest sign of lead poisoning is

A

facial pallor

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41
Q

most common features of lead poisoning are

A

colic and constipation

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42
Q

lead poisoning can be detected from urine by finding

A

coproporphyrin aminolevulinic

lead

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43
Q

lead poisoning can be detected from blood by finding

A
  • zn protophorphyrin •free erythrocyte protoporphyrin
  • basophilic stippling
  • lead
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44
Q

least toxic salt of lead is

A

lead suphide

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45
Q

least common complications of lead poisoning is

A

peripheral neuropathy

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46
Q

acute yellow fatty liver is caused by which poisoning

A

phosphorous arsenic

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47
Q

poison which is illuminous
waxy
translucent
has garlicky smell and taste

A

yellow or white phosphorous

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48
Q

which substance is brownish blue ,soft,scaly,with metallic lustre and unpleasant taste gives violet colored vapour

A

iodine

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49
Q

phossy jaw is caused by red / yellow phosphorous

A

yellow phosphorous

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50
Q

match stick on its surface has

A

potassium chlorate
and antimony sulphide
it is stricked agnst match box hving
red phosphorous

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51
Q

only free P in the body is significant T/F

A

T

pressence of phosphorous in viscera is of no use

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52
Q

viscera for chemical examination if phosphorous poisoning is suspected is preserved in ?

A

saturated saline

as luminousity is lost in rectified spirit

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53
Q

hg or quick silver is poisonous if swallowed

T/F

A

F

not poisonous because not absorbed but its vapors are poisonous

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54
Q

clinical finding of

hydragyrism

A 
M membranous colitis
E erethism 
A acrodynia 
T tremors
S salivation 
gigivitis
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55
Q

wht is mercuria lentis

A

brownish deposition of mercury on ant lens capsule

it is an early feature seen on slit lamp examinations as malt brown reflex

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56
Q

wht is danbury tremors

hatters or glass blowers shake

A

seen in mercury poisoning moderately coarse intentional tremors affecting hands 》lips 》tongue 》arms 》legs

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57
Q

wht is erethism

A

seen in hg poisoning in people working in mirror glass blowing industry
personality disturbance characterised by shyness,irritability, loss of memory and insomnia

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58
Q

wht is acrodynia

A 
also k/a pink ds idiosyncratic hypersensitivity seen in children 5P
Pinkish
Puffy
Painful
Paraesthesa
Peeling of skin and sheddingof teeth
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59
Q

clinical feature of mercury poisoning

A 
Peter SMELL BLACK TEA 
P pink ds
   peeling of skin
    painful puffy hands 
    proximal convulted tubule necrosis 
Salivation
Minimata ds 
membranous colitis 
membranous glomerulonephritis
E erythrism 
L lens deposition 
black line on gums
T  tremors
E erethism 
A acrodynia
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60
Q

most poisonous hg salt

A

mercury chloride

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61
Q

name poisonous salts of copper

A

•copper subactetate (verdigris)
•copper sulphate
(blue vtriol,nilatutia)

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62
Q

fatal dose of cu sulphate

A

30 gm

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63
Q

fatal dose of cu subacetate

A

15gm

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64
Q

skin jaundiced urine ,hair,froth,mucosa,perspiration becomes blue green in

A

copper poisoning

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65
Q

name the salt which acts as both poison and antidote

A

copper sulphate it act as antidote for phosphorous poisoning

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66
Q

fatal period for copper is

A

1-3 days

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67
Q

clinical feature of aluminium phosphide poisoning

A 
garlic odour and blood stained froth 
gryish black residues  sticking to mucosa of stomach
cardotoxotic
liver necrosis 
bleeding diathesis
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68
Q

mc cause of death in alphos poisoning

A

cardiogenic

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69
Q

moa of celphos poisoning

A

aluminium phosphide on coming in contact with moisture ad liberates
phosphine gas which is mitochondrial toxin inhibits
etc cyt oxidase

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70
Q

preservative for all poisons is ?

A

saturated nacl also for carbolic acid but excluding other acids

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71
Q

preservative for acids

A

rectified spirit

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72
Q

blood for alcohol examination

A

potassium oxalate(anticoagulants) naflouride ( enzyme inhibitors)and so

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73
Q

features of carbolic acid poisoning

A

5C’s
•corrosive poison causes corrosion of lips, mouth, tongue,stomach
•CNS depressant •constricted pupils
•carbol uria
ie smoky green brown urine
• cartilage and corneal discoloration
• stomach mucosa is thickened and leathery

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74
Q

names of nephrotoxic poisons causing proximal convulted tubular necrosis and proteinuria

A

mnemonic C Last Menstrual
Period

cadmium carbolic acid (phenol)
L lysol
M mercury 
P
phenol
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75
Q

proximal tubule proteinuria

and painful bone lesions are seen in overdose of

A

cadmium

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76
Q 
osteomalcia bone pains 
multiple pathological #s 
waddling gait 
golden yellow staining of teeth emphysema anemia 
itai-itai ds 
is feature of
A

cadmium poisoning

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77
Q

substances which delay putrefaction are

A

arsenic phenol(carbolic acid )

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78
Q

metal fume fever is common in chronic poisoning of

A

zn

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79
Q

first colourless or slightly green at first but turns dark smoky green or even black n air due to oxidation is feature of

A

this is k/a carboluria seen in carbolic acid poisoning

urine in phenol poisoning contains hydroquinone and pyrocatechol further oxidation of hydroquinone and pyrocatechol caeses green discoloration

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80
Q

carbolic acid in urine can be confirmed by ??

A

add •ferric chloride 》urine turns blue
•bromine water》white precipitate of tribrom phenol
•Benedict and fehling solution is reduced

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81
Q

bluish green frothy discharge from mouth is seen in ??

A

copper poisoning

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82
Q

a presin come in emergency with rigor and chills and clinical feature resembles malaria which poisoning it is likely

A

zinc poisoning
presents as self limiting influenza like syndrome expoure to zinc oxide fumes
temperatures return to normal with sweating and chills like malaria symptoms

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83
Q

which is least common complications of celphos poisoning

A

oesophageal strictures and fistula occur in few survivors in late stages survivors are already very few

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84
Q

which barium salt is used in gi xray

A

barium sulphate

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85
Q

barium sulphide is used as

A

hair remover / depilatory

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86
Q

barium carbonate is

A

rat poison when ingested causes gi irritation on absorption it causes cramps,stiffness, weakness and paralysis of all muscles including heart

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87
Q

boiled lobster poisoning is seen in

A

boric acid poisoning boric acid is used as antiseptic or antifungal agent in baby talcum powder or as pesticide agnst ants and cockroaches causes ERYTHRODERMIC RASH followed by desquamation and exfoliation

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88
Q

borax is ??

A

k/a sodium borate , sodium tetraborate
over exposure causes repsiratory irritation
including n/v/d

in severe poisoning erythematosus and exfoliative rash , unconsciousness, respiratory depression and renal failure

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89
Q

prussic acid is another name of

A

hydrocynaic acid

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90
Q

scheeles acid is another name of

A

HCN

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91
Q

NAture of pupils in cynaide poisoning

A

fixed and dilated pupils are seen

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92
Q

moa of cyanide poisoning

A

inhibits cytochrome oxidase enzymes for oxygen utilisation in cells
death due to ,histotoxic anoxia

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93
Q

treatment for cyanide poisoning

A

*amyl nitrite
sodium nitrite they both promote
methhaemoglobin formation
* dicobalt EDTA chelate cyanide into harmless product
* hydroxocobalmine
* ventilation with 100%o2
*exchange transfusion or blood administration

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94
Q

characteristic smell on postmortem of cyanide poisoning

A

bitter almonds

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95
Q

color of postmortem staining of hcn

A

cherry red
fine froth may be present at mouth
eyes may be bright ,glistening with dilated pupils

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96
Q

internal appearence of hcn poisoning

A

characteristic bitter almond
smell from viscera of the body
mucous membranes appear congested and red
all vessels including veins appear red as they contain oxygenated blood
blood stained froth may be presnt in the trachea

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97
Q

principal behind giving nitrite in cyanide poisoning

A

cyanide s hve a better affinity for methhaemoglobin and nitrite convert haemoglobin into methhaemoglobin which combines with cyanide to form non toxic cyanmethhaemoglobin which in presence of sulphate donor like thiosulphate converts cyanide to thiocyante which is excreted in urine

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98
Q

principal behind giving vitb12 in cyanide poisoning

A

detoxify cyanide by forming cyanocobalamine by giving hydoxyl grp and then binding cyanyl grp which is excreted in urine or converted to thiocyanate by na thiosulphate

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99
Q

cobalt edta principal behind giving it in

cyanide poisoning

A

edta chelates cyanide to form a nontoxic product tht is excreted in urine it has more rapid action ,efficacious and less toxic thn nitrites

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100
Q

caustic poison erodes mucosa because

A

commonest cause of chemical burns
hydoxyl ions produces saponification of fat
cellular dehydration
coagulation of cellular protein and conversion of haemoglobin to haematin

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101
Q

which type of cattle poison occurs due to ingestion of linseed plants

A

hydrocyanic acid

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102
Q

non poisoning salt of cyanide is

A

potassium ferrocyanide

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103
Q

fatal dose of

carbolic acid

A

20 drops of pure phenol

40 drops of carbolic disinfectant

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104
Q

substances used to erase wrting inattempt to forgery is

A

oxalic acid

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105
Q

symptoms of oxalic acid poisoning

A

shock
hypocalcemia presenting as tingling ,numbness, twitching, trousseous and chvostek and convulsions
nephrotoxic lead to oxaluria

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106
Q

treatment of oxalic acid poisoning

A

never use warm water as causes more solublisation of acid

any preparation calcium lactate which converts poison into insoluble calcium oxalate is antidote for oxalate poisoning

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107
Q

effect of carbolic acid on mucosa is

A

initially green white or brown white which turns to brown or grey which is leathery and thickned

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108
Q

effect of h2so4 on mucosa is

A

brown discoloration of stomach with erosion and perforation
bloating paper appearence

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109
Q

effect on mucosa of HNO3

A

yellow discoloration of mucosa and skin

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110
Q

HCL and carbolic acid

A

greyish yellow stains

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111
Q

black colored mucosa is due to

A

KOH,NaOH

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112
Q

yellow or white grey mucosa

A

phosphorous

yellow discoloration of mucosa is with hno3 》phosphorous

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113
Q

brick red to brown color mucosa is due to

A

KCN

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114
Q

putrefaction

is retarded in deaths due to

A 
poisoning 
•strychnine
•carbolic acid 
•chronic heavy metals eg arsenic 
•zn chloride 
ANAEMIA 
DEBILITY 
WASTING DS
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115
Q

in HNO3 color of urine is

A

brown

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116
Q

in barbiturates poisoning color of urine is of

A

liquid gold

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117
Q

poisons causing miosis

A

PCM MO is Barred

Phenol
Choral hydrate
Morphine Muscarine and nicotine
Barbiturates

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118
Q

postmortem findings of carbolic acid are?

A

leathery stomach
pct necrosis
delays putrefaction

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119
Q

magenstrasse is ??

A

area which has greatest damage it is route which is followed by acidic agents in stomach in filled stomach along the lesser curvature and in empty stomach lower 1/2 sparing fundus

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120
Q

oochronosisis is seen in ?

A

carbolic acid poisoning pigmentation of cornea and various cartilage due to hydroquinone and pyrocatechol

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121
Q

which of the substances is given to erase ink to foreigners

A

oxalic acid

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122
Q

which poison causes tetany and torsseuseu sign +ve

A

oxalic acid

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123
Q

antidote for oxalic acid poisoning is

A

calcium gluconate

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124
Q

TOC for h2so4,HNo3,HCl is ??

A

weak solution of noncarbonated alkalies like CaO,MgO,non flatulent antacids
egg albumin
milk

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125
Q

wht is vitriloage

A

throwing of any corrosive on another person
sec 326 A
Sec 326B

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126
Q

perforation of stomach is more common due to ingestion of

A

h2so4

also causes brown discoloration of mucosa

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127
Q

most common site of damge in case of acid

A

stomach as already acidic

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128
Q

most common site of damage in case of alkali

A

oesophagus because it neutralizes acidity in stomach

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129
Q

type of necrosis by acids

A

coagulative necrosis

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130
Q

type of necrosis by alkali

A

liquefactive necrosis

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131
Q

fatal period of h2so4 is ??

A

12-24hrs

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132
Q

damge site of dry flame or heat burns is

A

at or above the site of contact no tricke marks

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133
Q

features of damge by chemical and steam/liquid burns

A

at and below the contact site so trickle marks are present

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134
Q

singing of hair is present in dry / moist burns

A

dry

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135
Q

red line is present in dry or wet burns or chemical

A

dry and moist burns not in chemical burns

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136
Q

postmortem appearence in carbon monoxide poisoning is

A
  • bright cherry red discoloration of skin ,mucosa,mucus membrane nailbeds
  • blisters on areas tht contact ground or appositional skin
  • blood is thin and red coloured
  • congestion of all organs
  • Parkinson
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137
Q

at wht saturation hb with CO profound coma with shallow respiration occurs

A

50-60%

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138
Q

wht saturation of CO in blood is rapidly fatal

A

> 80%

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139
Q

cherry red discoloration is seen at which saturation of CO

A

30-40%

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140
Q

upper limit of CO In air is

A

0.01%

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141
Q

symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning start when conc is

A

> 10%

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142
Q

at following blood concentration the clinical picture will simulate an alcoholic

A

50%

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143
Q

%of COHb causing death is

A

80%

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144
Q

in low CO con 4% symptoms produced will be

A

none

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145
Q

diffusion of oxygen at tissue level is affected in all following poisoning ?

A

phosgene CO

cyanide

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146
Q

simple asphyxiants heavier thn air is

A

methane
Carbon dioxide
Nitrogen when inhaled they exclude the o2

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147
Q

wht is Japanese detergent

suicide technique

A

it involves mixing of house hold chemicals like bath sulphur with toilet bowl cleaner to produce deadly poisonous hydrogen sulphide gas cloud it is used in closed spaces like car to achieve instant death
American substitute a common insecticide for bath sulphur as it is not there in us

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148
Q

love drug or adam or hug drug is another name of?

A

ecstasy it produces general symptoms stimulants ,tismus and bruxism within 1/2-1 hr

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149
Q

name rave drugs

A

▪ecstasy
▪gamma hydroxy butyrate(k/a georgia home boy,scoop water or liquid ecstasy )
▪ROHYPNOL
(k/a roofie,ropes,ropies,roches)

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150
Q

chemical name for ecstasy is

A

MDMA

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151
Q

wht is k/ a knock out drops or
mickey finn
or
dry wine

A

sedative chloral hydrate
it is given food or drink to make person suddenly helpless for rape and robbery
it is combined with alcohol which is k/a mickey finn used to increase potency of alcohol

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152
Q

chloral hydrate physical nature

A

peculiar pungent odour
crystalline used as a hypnotic
IT RAPIDLY DETERIORATES AFTER DEATH CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE VISCERA SHOULD BE DONE AS AN URGENCY

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153
Q

how does ethylene oxide affects kidney

A

it is a bitter sweet non volatile liquid used as antifreeze it is cns depressant and affects kidney by forming calcium oxalate crystals

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154
Q

methods of determining blood and urine alcohol method

A 
A KBC CASE 
A alcohol dehydrogenase method
K ozelka and hine test 
Breath analysis Chromatography  
Cavett test
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155
Q

formulas for alcohal level in blood

A

widmarks formula

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156
Q

wht is wernicke encephalopathy

A 
acute rxn to severe thiamine deficiency it is reversible 
characterized by GOA
G global confusion 
O opthalmoplegia
A
ataxia
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157
Q

wht is korsakoff syndrome

A

chronic complications of severe thiamine deficiency 》wernicke encephalopathy characterized by A amnesia
C confabulation

it is irreversible

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158
Q

most common symptoms alcohol withdrawal

A 
mild hangover( most common)
sever 
•delirium tremens 
most severe 
clouding of consciousness, disorientation, visual hallucinations 
•alcoholic  seizures
• alcoholic Hallucination
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159
Q

fomepizole is a inhibitor of

A

alcohol dehydrogenase

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160
Q

primary agent responsible for toxic effects of methanol

A

formic acid which more toxic thn formaldehyde which inturn is more toxic thn methanol

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161
Q

clinical feature of methanol poisoning

A 
Hi RADIO CiTy
•Hypothermia •respiratory depression 
•anionic metabolic acidosis 
•dyspnea 
•increased osmolar gap 
•odour of spirit in breath 
•opaque vision 
•cyanosis 
•tubular necrosis
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162
Q 
which of the  following does not cause hyperpyrexia 
Maoi
alcohol 
atropine 
amphetamine
A

alcohol it causes peripheral vasodilatation thus gives a feeling of warmth but inturn causes loss of heat thus hypothermia

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163
Q

morbid jealousy and mcewans signs
micturation syncope
munich beer heart
is diagnostic of ?v

A

case of alcohol intoxication, pupils are contracted, but on external painful stimulation of the person, e.g. by pinching or slapping, causes pupil to dilate followed by slow constriction again. This is called as McEwan’s sign and if this is positive, it is suggestive of alcoholic coma.

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164
Q

stages of alcoholic poisoning is

A

Acute alcohol poisoning is considered when blood alcohol concentration exceeds 150 mg/100 ml beyond his/
her capacity consumed by any preparation containing alcohol either in small doses at short intervals, or in one big dose.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
1. Stage of Excitement

Blood level: 50–80mg/100 ml of blood
Blood alcohol concentration (BAC): 0.05-0.1%
2. Stage of In-coordination

Blood level: 80–150 mg/100 ml of blood
Blood alcohol concentration (BAC): 0.15-0.25%
3.Intoxicated 150to 300 mg%

4 Stage of Coma

Blood level: >400mg/100 ml of blood
Blood alcohol concentration (BAC): > 0.25%
mcewan sign is +ve

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165
Q

wht is micturation syncope and Munich beer heart

A

▪when person gets up from bed for micturation in night probaly due to sudden upright posture there is syncope in alcoholic

▪munich heart is dilated cardiomyopathy in alcoholic
also there is •nystagmus in direction of gaze independant of head position

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166
Q

best method of treatment of methyl alcohal is

A

ethyl alcohol

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167
Q

fatal dose is absolute alcohal in adults is

A

150ml

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168
Q

fatal dose of methanol

A

60-250ml

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169
Q

treatment of methanol poisoning

A

1 gastric lavage using using sodium biborate infusion
2.oral or iv nahco3to combat acidosi
3.folinic acid speeds up elimination of folinic acid
4.ethanol iv is competitive inhibitor
do check glucose level as it causes hypoglycaemia 5.fomepizole
6.hemodialysis is treatment of choice in severe poisoning
6.eyes should be protected from light

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170
Q 
an pt presents with pyrexia,constricted pupil,hypotension, cyanosis,stupor progresses to coma poisoning is due to 
phenobarbitone 
cannabis 
dhatura
diphenhydramine
A

phenobarbitone
as it only causes
constriction of pupil

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171
Q

cannabis intoxication features r

A
  • conjunctival injection
  • increased appetite
  • inc HR
  • dry mouth
  • flash backs
  • amotivational syndrome
  • colours appear brighter and richer
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172
Q

urine is alkalinized in ____ poisoning

A

barbiturates salicylates poisoning

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173
Q

urine is acidified in ??

A

morphine

amphetamine poisoning

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174
Q

TOC of barbiturates poisoning

A

hemodialysis 》forced alkaline diuresis

175
Q

barbiturates poisoning presents with??

A

features of shock ie hemoconcentration and oliguria therefore urine is highly concentrated and deep yellow ie liquid gold is slang used for amphetamine addicts

176
Q

urine appears liquid gold in which poisoning

A

amphetamine

177
Q

antidote for benzodiazepines toxicity is ???

A

flumazenil

178
Q

opium is derived from

A

unripe capsule of papaver somniferum

179
Q

boy died in emergency room with white froth in mouth the poisoning is due to

A

opium or drowning

180
Q

white leathery froth is present in

A

opium poisoning and drowning

181
Q

drugs used

in herion \opioid intoxication

A

naloxone nalmefene naltrexone physostigmine thiamine glucose

182
Q

drugs used opioid withdrawal

A

methadone clonidine

buprenorphine naloxone, naltrexone,nalmefene

183
Q

constricted pupil is feature of opium withdrawal and overdose

A

opium overdose

184
Q

type of respiration in morphine poisoning

A

slow

185
Q

symptoms of opoid withdrawal

A

yawning dysphoric mood and insomnia with water loss from

various orifices ie lacrimation , salivation ,diarrhoea, vomiting rhinorohea

186
Q

opium poisoning is featured by

  1. constricted pupil
  2. respiratory depression 3.hallucination
  3. tachycardia
  4. tachypnea
A

1,2,3

187
Q 
all are adultrants of heroin except 
charcoal 
quinine
chalk powder 
fructose  
mannitol 
talc
A

charcoal

188
Q

give various forms of cannabis

A

bhang
majun
ganja
charas or hashish

189
Q

bhang is derived from

A

dried leaves and fruit shoots

190
Q

ganja is derieved from

A

dried flowering tops of female plant

191
Q

charas or hashish is derived from

A

resinou exudates from leaves and stem of plant

192
Q

runamok amotivational syndrome are symptoms of

A

cannabis poisoning

193
Q

clinical features of cocaine poisoning

A

B》 black tongue and teeth
U》ulceration and very rarely perforation of nasal septum
M》magnan syndrome or cocaine bugs or formification or tactile hallucinations P
persecuting delusions and perversions mainly homosexuality and libidinous

194
Q

tactile hallucinations is the most characteristic of

A

cocaine poisoning

195
Q

black tongue is seen i n abuse of

A

cocaine

196
Q

a sensation of grains of sands under the skin is feature of

A

cocaine poisoning

197
Q

angel dust is ?

A

phencyclidine

198
Q

speed bal is cocaine +___

A

heroin

199
Q

name cardiac poison

A 
D 》digitalis
O》oleander
N 》nicotine 
Has 》hyocyanic acid
A 》aconite
Queen 》quinine
200
Q

name the deliriant poisons

A 
hi 》hyoscyanamus   niger 
A B 》atropa belladona 
C 》cannabis indica 
D 》dhatura 
opium nd lead poisoning
201
Q

color of root of aconite plant

A

outer dark brown

white internally which becomes pink on exposure to air

202
Q

fatal period for aconite is

A

2-6 hrs

203
Q

monks hood is another f

A

aconite ,monks hood ,blue rocket ,mitha bish ,wolf bane

204
Q

wht is wolfbane or mitha bish

A

aconite

205
Q

clinical features of aconite

A

gi 》on ingestion there is tingling ,numbness burning sensation from mouth to stomach
nervous system 》 mind remains clear till last paralysis of respiratory centre
muscular 》muscle weaknes
pupil dilate and contract ie hippus and later remain dilated
cardiovascular》 chest pain,hypotension first tachycardia then bradycardia
HYPERSALIVATION

206
Q

symptons OPC poisoning

A 
muscarinic 
B3
Bronchoconstriction
Bradycardia
Blurring of vision 
S》sweating
salivation 
L 》lacrimation red tears chromolacryorrhea 
U》 urination 
D》diarrhoea 
G》gastrointestinal distress 
E》emesis
207
Q

smell of pt of opc poisoning

A

kerosene like

208
Q

name poison causing miosis

A 
Phenol
M morphine
P pontine hrge .
chloral hydrate 
barbiturates Iridocyclitis
209
Q

poisons causing mydriasid

A 
Viper》viper venom
D》dhatura
A》atropine N》nux vomica
C》cyanide
cocaine
calotropis
CO
cholroform
Party 》
Parasympatholytic drugs 
palsy of 3rd nerve
Atrophy optic nerve
R》 retinal detachment 
int opthalmoplegia
210
Q

color of postmortem lividity in cyanide poisoning

A

brick red

211
Q

pm staining is also ka

A

suggilation vibices

darkening of death

212
Q

wht is the time when pm staining starts to appear

A

commenses within 1 hr
fixed in 4-6 hrs
maximum bw 6-12 hrs
and persists till putrefaction sets in

213
Q

colour of bright red pm lividity is

A

CO
HCN
Burn
cold

214
Q

colour of pm staining is dark brown/ yellow possible poison is

A

phosphorous

215
Q

opium produces ____ colour of pm lividity

A

black

216
Q

clostridium produces ____ colour of lividity

A

bronze colour

217
Q

h2s produces ____colour of lividity

A

blue green

218
Q

odour during pm is burnt rope possible diagnosis is

A

cannabis

219
Q

nux vomica is

A

seeds containing strychnine and used as cattle poison

220
Q

moa of strychinine poisoning

A

it stimulants all parts of cns especially the ant horn cells of spinalcord greatly increasing reflux activity
inhibits the inhibition of
the ant horn cells of spinal cord resulting in excitation to any slight stimulus
cerebral cortex and respiratory centre is stimulated

221
Q

signs symptoms of strychinine poisoning is

A

•convulsions affect all muscle at a time
•risus sardonicus contraction of jaw
•ophisthotonus
hyperextension of body effecting antigravity muscles
•bending forward of the body (emprosthotonus)
• bending sidewards of the body (pleurosthotonus)
•MIND REMAINS CLEAR TILL END

222
Q

difference bw tetanus and strychinine

poisoning

A

tetanus is gradual in onset and strychinine is sudden in onset
•all muscles r involved in strychinine poisoning at same tine but not tetanus
•muscles r never completely relaxed in b/w fits in case of tetanus where as they r relaxed in case of strychnine

223
Q 
in nnuxvomica poisoning following are also to be preserved
•long bone 
•brain 
•muscles 
•skin
A

brain

224
Q

nux vomica contains 2 alkaloids strychinine and ____

A

brucine

225
Q

respiratory depression is caused by all except
opium
barbiturates strychinine
gelsemine

A

strychinine

226
Q

symptoms of dhatura poisoning is

A

atropine poisoning presents with symptoms of bronchodilation
,tachycardia ,mydriasis(blind as a bat)
hyperthermia ( hot as a hare)
dilation of skin leading to flushing (red as a beet), dryness of skin and mucous
(dry as bone )
difficulty in talking,swallowing, constipation ,urinary retention
delirium( mad as wet hen )
muttering delirium
pill rolling tremors
carphologia picking up of imaginary threads from clothes, bed sheets

227
Q 
9 ds 
1 dry hot skin ( hot as hare)
2 dilation of cutaneous  blood vessels ie ( red as beet )
3.dilation of pupils ( blind as abat)
4.dry as a bone dryness if mouth and mucosa
5 dysphagia
6 difficulty talking 
7.delirium ( mad as wet hen )
A

dhatura or atropine poisoning

228
Q

treatment of atropine poisoning is

A

physostigmine doc sc/iv
gastric lavage with tannic acid
cold sponging
diazepam for convulsions

229
Q

treatment

for amanita muscaria and amanita phylloides

A

atropine is antidote they produce parasympathetic symptoms

230
Q

dhatura seeds resemble

A

capsicum seeds

231
Q

thorn apple is

A

dhatura alba

dhatura niger

232
Q

a child is brought with dilated pupil ,dry mouth ,delirium the substance is atropine /sympathetic

A

atropine

233
Q 
women  consumes several  amitryplline 
following can be done except 
•nahco3 infusion
•gastric lavage 
•diazepam to control seizures 
•atropine as a antidotes
A

atropine as a antidotes as tca itself has anticholinergicssideeffects

234
Q

ci for atrophine poisoning is

A

narrow angle glaucoma •belladonna poisoning

•prostatic hypertrophy

235
Q

atropine is doc for

A
  • opc poisoning

* mushroom poisoning

236
Q

most common way of commiting suicide is by

A

use of insecticide

237
Q

see which are alkyl phosphates and aryl phosphate

A

?

238
Q

most specific test for opc poisoning is

A

plasma

cholinestrase

239
Q

aashtma like symptoms r seen in ___

poisoning

A

opc

240
Q

atropine reverses which effect of opc poisoning

A

only muscarinic effect not nicotinic like respiratory muscle paralysis

241
Q

a person is hving bp of 90/50 should we give vasopressor

A

no give if bp is less thn 60

242
Q

carbamate

poisoning should we give oximes

A

no

243
Q

plant penicillin is

A

endrin

244
Q 
20yr old pt comes with pinpoint pupil ,fasiculations,no fever dx is 
head injury 
opc 
atropine 
pontine hrge
A

pinpoint pupil is only seen in opc and pontine hrge but difference is tht pontine hrge there is fever,but no fever in opc poisoning so ans is opc

245
Q

oximes r ineffective in

A 
carbamate poisoning 
edrophorium,
neostigmine
propxur 
donepizil
246
Q

cause of pinpoint pupil

A 
BPH SOOCH 
B》Barbiturates slightly constricted but dilate in later stage of asphyxia
P》phenol 
H》hrge pontine
S》syphilis 
O》opc
O》opium
C》choral hydrate
H》horner syndrome
247
Q

in which poisoning pupil alternately constrict and dilate remains dilated in later stage

A

aconite poisoning

248
Q

acridor pear smell is in which poisoning

A

paraldehyde

249
Q

shoe polish odour is produced in poisoning of

A

nitrobenzene

250
Q

rotten eggs odour is due to which poisoning

A

hydrogen sulphide

disulphiram

251
Q

garlic odour is produced in which poisoning

A
  • arsenic
  • zinc phosphide
  • aluminium phosphide
252
Q

blue green pm staining is seen in

A

h2s

253
Q

blue hypostasis

A

h2s bluish green
aniline (deep blue)
cuso4 blue

254
Q

red brown lividity is seen in

A

aniline
bromide nitrite
whereas phosphorous
produces dark brown

255
Q

fecl3 is used in diagnosis of

A

phenol

256
Q

best site for collection of samples for toxicology

A

femoral vein》subclavian , jugular , ililac vessels 》root of aorta 》svc》heart

257
Q

which poison turns to black on exposure to silver nitrate

A

celphos on coming in contact with moisture liberates phosphine which on reacting with agno3 gives black colour

258
Q

urine is stored in

?

A

toluene for chemical analysis
thymol
for general purpose

259
Q

sample to look for uric acid is send in ?

A

alcohal

260
Q

specimen for virological purposes is sent in

A

50% glycerine

261
Q

sodium flouride is

used for preservation of

A

samples for alcohal and 3C’s
cocaine
cyanide and
CO analysis

262
Q

specimens for toxicological analysis is preserved in ?

A

saturated sodium chloride

263
Q

lee jones test is used for

A

ie adding ferrous sulfate, sodium hydroxide ,heat,HCL to gastric
content s used to differentiate cyanide from salicylates

264
Q

name few elapids

A

cobra
krait
coral snake

265
Q

name few vipers

A

russel viper

green pit viper

266
Q

type of venom by vipers

A

neurotoxic

267
Q

type of venom by vipers

A

vasculotoxic (hemolysis ,cytolysis )

268
Q

moa elapid bite

A

act on motor nerve cells like curare and cause paralysis of muscle in following order mouth 》throat 》respiratory muscle

269
Q

moa of viper bite

A

endothelial cells damage and rbc hemolysis

270
Q

local symptoms at the site of bite is severe in which snake bite

A

viper

rest both hve minimal symptoms

271
Q

priapism occurs with bite of e

A

Spanish fly

272
Q

russel viper belongs to

A

viperidae

273
Q

pit viper belongs to

A

crotalidae

274
Q

cobra ,krait belongs to

A

elapidae

275
Q

venom is produced by

A

salivary glands

276
Q

the characteristic features poisonous snake are

A

POISONOUS NON POISONOUS
long fangs hollow several small teeth2 rows
compressed tails not so
nocturnal habit not so
belly scales are large,complete small cover entire breath donot cover entire breath
head scales r small large

277
Q

ophitoxemia means

A

poisoning by snake venom

278
Q

venom of sea snake is mostly

A

myotoxic

279
Q

which is a non poisonous
snake
viper,krait,sea snake ,rat snake

A

rat snake

280
Q

stability of snake venom is dependant on

A

disulphide bond

281
Q

treatment of 6 hrs old with only mild local edema is

A

wait and watch ?

282
Q

first treatment for snake bite is

A

immobisation or splinting of limb

283
Q

scorpion bite resembles

A

resembles neuro toxic cobra and ,krait

284
Q

polyvalent venom is against

A 
4 common species in india 
common cobra
krait,
russel viper,
saw scale viper
285
Q

abrus precatorius is used as

A

it contains abrin whose mechanism is similiar to viper snake and is used to kill cattle as sui

286
Q

other name of abrus precatorius

A

indian or Buddhist rosary /prayerbead
,crab eye
rati

287
Q

most potent toxins in plant kingdom is

A

ricin from ricinus communis more poisonous tn cobra and 6000 time thn cyanide

288
Q

which substance is used as

agent to inflict artificial bruise

A

semicarpus anacardium

289
Q

socrates was killed by?

A

hemlock or conium maculatum

290
Q

clinical features of hemlock or conium maculatum poisoning are

A

gastric irritation, pain , vomiting, 》followed by increasing ascending paralysis to affect respiratory muscles
breath ha mousy odour

291
Q

how much of croton seed oil is fatal ?

A

20 drops

292
Q

vegetable viper snake poison is

A

abrus

293
Q

activated charcoal is not useful in

A

alcohal
corrosive heavy metal
hydrocarbon cyanide

294
Q

contraindications of gastric lavage are

A
  • corrosive poisoning alkaleis ,acid organic acids except carbolic acid
  • convulsant poisoning eg strychinine •kerosene poisoning
295
Q

in salicylate poisoning treatment recommended is

A

forced diuresis

296
Q

urine is alkanised

in ?

A

salicylates barbiturates

297
Q

hemoperfusion with charcoal is used in poisoning with

A 
amphetamine antidepressant atropine
barbiturates 
benzodiazepines chloroquine 
opium 
strychinine
298
Q

hemodialysis is not useful in ?

A

copper sulphate kerosene oil,
benzodiazepines OPC ,
digitalis
c-oil-BORD

299
Q

hemodialysis is useful in

A

aspirin barbiturates chloral hydrate

methyl alcohal,ethyl alcohol ,ethylene glycol and theophylline

300
Q

gastric lavage is
indicated in all cases of acute poisoning
ideally because of

A

fear of aspiration

301
Q

complications of kerosene poisoning is

A

pneumonia

302
Q

do we give corticosteroids in the treatment of kerosene poisoning

A

no corticosteroids, prophylactic antibiotics, emesis induction ,gastric lavage and use of activate charcoal are not recommended • fever and leukocytosis are early features of kerosene poisoning induced pneumonitis occurring within hours
xray finding occur in few hrs

303
Q

treatment of paracetamol poisoning

A

gastric lavage useful in <4hrs
•< 2.5 l fluid daily as pcm leads to fluid retention •nacetylcysteine to prevent hepatic damage
•hemodialysis and hemoperfusion

304
Q

antidote for strychinine poisoning

A

short acting barbiturates like phenobarbitone

305
Q

antidote for cyanide

poisoning

A

amyl/sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulphate

306
Q

antidote for ethylene glycol

A

fomepizole /ethanol

307
Q

contraindications of BAL

A

cadmium and iron poisoning

308
Q

bal is agent of choice for

A 
mercury 
also used for 
gold
cu
bismuth 
nickel arsenic 
antimony
309
Q

treatment of iron poisoning is

A
  • gastric lavage with nahco3 and desferrioxamine •mgoh2
  • injectable desferrioxamine (agent of choice in acute poisoning)
  • hemodialysis
310
Q

most prominent means of committing suicide in india are ?

A

hanging >consuming poison>self immolation >drowning

311
Q

wht is parasuicide

A

non fatal act of suicide in which aim is not death most common cause is sublethal drug overdose 》wrist slash

312
Q

most imp indication

for edta is

A

lead poisoning

has no role in hg poisoning

313
Q

doc for transfusion siderosis

A

deferiprone

314
Q

gunch/indian liquorice is another name of

A

abrus precatorius

315
Q

egg shaped seeds with black spot at 1 end is

A

abrus precatorius

316
Q

abrin is active principal in

A

abrus precatorius

317
Q

fatal dose of croton

A

20 drops

4 seeds

318
Q

castor plant is

A

ricinus communis

319
Q

fatal dose of ricinus communis is

A

10 seeds ricin 6 mg

320
Q

jamalghota is

A

croton

321
Q

best preservative for viscera is

A

rectified spirit

322
Q

rectified spirit is not used in

A

alcohal
phenol
phosphorous
paraaldehyde

323
Q

histopathology specimen is preserved in

A

formalin

324
Q

arsenic poison resembles

A

cholera
fading measeles
addison ds

325
Q

thallium poisoning resembles which disease

A

natural death
Gullian barre
porphyria

326
Q

opc resembles which ds

A

bronchial ashtma

327
Q

opc resembles which ds

A

bronchial ashtma

328
Q

ideal homicidal poison is??

A

thallium

329
Q

triad of thallium poisoning

A

gastroenteritis
polyneuritis
hair loss

330
Q

tabby cat striations are seen in

A

heart show fatty degeneration in thallium poisoning

331
Q

wht is signe de sourcil

A

the eyebrow sign seen in thallium poisoning

outer 1/3 rd of eye brow falls characteristic of thallium poisoning

332
Q

acne is seen in which poisoning

A

bromides

333
Q

which is ideal suicidal poison

A

cyanide

334
Q

most commonly used suicidal poisons r

A

opc

335
Q

name stupefying agents

A

dhatura
cannabis
chloral hydrate

336
Q

dry wine is

A

chloral hydrate

337
Q

abortifacient drugs r

A 
calotropis 
oleander 
aconite 
ergot 
lead
338
Q

cattle poison are

A 
abrus 
oleander
calotropis 
aconite 
opc 
strychinine 
curare 
snake venom
339
Q

arrow poison is

A 
abrus 
croton 
calotropis 
aconite 
strychinine 
curare 
snake venom
340
Q

drugs not included in NDPS act are

A

alcohal
paracetamol
nicotine

341
Q

schedule C includes

A

biological and special products

342
Q

schedule E includes

A

poisons

343
Q

schedule F includes

A

vaccine and sera

344
Q

schedule G includes

A

hormonal preprations

345
Q

schedule H include

A

drugs /poisons sold on prescription of RMP

346
Q

schedule L includes

A

antibodies
antihistamines
chemotherapeutic drugs

347
Q

schedule X includes

A

potential drug of abuse

348
Q

best method to induce emesis is

A

gag reflex or hypertonic saline

349
Q

only pharmaceutical agent recommended to induce vomiting is

A

ipecacuanha

350
Q

gastricl lavage is useful withinn

A

3hrs of ingestion of poison

351
Q

acute yellow fatty liver is caused by ??

A

arsenic

352
Q

most common presentation of gastroenteritis is

A

gastroenteritis

353
Q

beus lines are seen in

A

chronic stsyemic disease

354
Q

diffrential of mees lines

A

beus line 》chronic systemic ds

muehrcke’s line 》hypoprotenemia

355
Q

golden hair are seen in

A

arsenic and cadmium poisoning

copper also

356
Q

arsenic trioxide is used in treatment of

A

AML

357
Q

arsenic crosses BBB??

A

no

358
Q

test of arsenic are

A 
reinsch test 
marsh test 
gutziet test 
neutron activation analysis 
absorption spectroscopy
359
Q

ptysalism is seen in

A

copper poisoning

360
Q

vineyard sprayers disease is due to

A

copper sulphate solution

361
Q

chronic opthalmic exposure of copper results in

A

chalcosis oculi 》copper deposition in cornea,lens,vitreous
kayser Fleischer rings》deposition in desmets membrane
chalcosis lentis is ant subcapsular catract sunflower cataract

362
Q

smelters fever is

A

metal fume fever due to Zn

363
Q

Monday morning fever is seen in

A

Zn poisoning metal fume fever

364
Q

most effective treatment of plumbism is

A

calcium disodium versenate

365
Q

xray finding of lead poisoning

A

increased radioopaque bands of lines at metaphysis of long bones is seen in children

366
Q

symptoms of iodine poisoning

A

intense thirst
blue colored vomiting with iodine odour
urine is scanty and red brown in colour

367
Q

symptoms of iodism

A 
it is chronic iodine poisoning 
painful parotits resembling mumps
pain over frontal sinus 
 running nose 
wasting and emaciation
368
Q

which phosphorous is toxic

A

white phosphorous is highly toxic

369
Q

wht is smoking stool syndrome

A

faint fumes coming from stools in phosphorous poisoning

370
Q

lumiecent vomiting and feaces r diagnostic of

A

phosphorous poisoning

371
Q

treatment of phosphorous poisoning is

A
  1. gastric lavage with kmno4 as it oxidises phosphorous into phosphoric acid and phosphates
  2. CUSO4
  3. vitK
  4. avoid oil and fat
  5. hemodialysis
372
Q

fulminant poisoning is seen when amt of phosphorous ingested is

A

more thn 1 gm

373
Q

antidote for phosphorous poisoning is

A

copper sulphate as it coats the phosphorous particles with insoluble copper phosphide

374
Q

postmortem findings of phosphorous poisoning

A

in acute poisoning jaundice is seen
the gastric and intestinal contents smell of garlic
mucosa becomes yellowish or greyish white
multiple small hrge r seen
liver becomes swollen, yellow, easily ruptured
after a week yellow atrophy appears

375
Q

diwali poison are

A 
phosphorous 
mercuric cyanide (small tablets when put to flame produce snake  like appearence)
antimony 
arsenic 
strontium
376
Q

brown malt reflex is seen in

A

mercuria lentis chronic mercury poisoning

bilateral deposit of mercury on ant capsule of lens it has no effect on visual acuity

377
Q

liver changes in celphos poisoning

A

centrizonal hrgic necrosis

378
Q

TOC for celphos poisoning is

A

MgSO4

activated charcoal and paraffin for adsorption and excretion of PH3

379
Q

gastric lavage +_____= black colour

A

silver nitrate due to phosphine gas in gastric lavage

380
Q

treatment of choice for flouride poisoning

A

calcium

381
Q

liquid gold is

A

urine of amphetamine addicts as urine of amphetamine addicts is itself addicting people used to sell their urine so it is k/a liquid gold

382
Q

marasmus is seen in which poisoning

A

phenol poisoning

383
Q

effect of phenol on respiratory centre

A

depressant

384
Q

lee jones test is used for

A

cyanide poisoning based on prussian blue reagent

385
Q

coffee ground appearence of vomica is seen in

A

oxalic acid poisoning

386
Q

changes in contents of stomach in oxalic acid poisoning

A

stomach contents are gelatinous and brownish due to acid hematin formation

stomach is reddened,eroded,almost black in colour

387
Q

test done for CO poisoning is

A

kunkels test tannic acid test
wetzel test
hoppe seyler test

388
Q

bilateral symmetrical necrosis of lenricular nuclei and punctate hrge in white matter is seen in

A

CO poisoning

389
Q

universal antidote contains

A 
mag oxide 2
   acid neutralise 
charcoal 1
 c/i 
corrosive 
alcohal 
heavy metals 
CN 
tannic acid   1
  percipitates alkaloid
390
Q

most desirable method of alcohol estimation for medicolegal purposes

A

gas chromatography

391
Q

____ metabolism is disrupted in chronic alcohalism

A

tryptophan

392
Q

legal limit of alcohol prescribed by motor vehicle act is

A

30 mg% of blood alcohol level

393
Q

critical limit leading to incoordination of muscles in alcoholic is

A

150mg % bal

394
Q

rate of fall of BAC Is

A

15mg%/hour

395
Q

urine contains more alcohol than blood t/f

A

true

396
Q

blood for alcohal estimation in postmortem is taken from

A

femoral vein

397
Q

BAC =_____×Breath alcohol concentration

A

2.3

398
Q

BAC =__ × Urine alcohal conc

A

0.75

399
Q

BAC _____vitrous humor conc

A

0.8

400
Q

earliest clinical presentation in methanol poisoning is

A

abdominal cramps

401
Q

wht is mellanby effect

A

the behavioural impairment at given blood alcohol level is more when blood alcohol levels are rising than when it is falling

402
Q

TOC for methanol poisoning

A

hemodialysis

403
Q

smack is

A

heroin

404
Q

other names of heroin

A

brown sugar
junk
dope
smack

405
Q

cutting in is

A

adulteration of heroin

406
Q

love drug is

A

MDA

407
Q

eve is

A

MDEA

408
Q

ecstasy is

A

MDMA also k/a rave drugs

409
Q

date rape drug is

A

alcohal
barbiturates
rohyphol(fluntrazepam)
chloral hydrate (knockout drops/mickey finn)

410
Q

hot shot is

A

heroin +strychnine

411
Q

crack is

A

cocaine + baking soda

it is sniffed

412
Q

mickey finn is

A

chloral hydrate +alcohal

413
Q

tests done to detect opium.is

A

marquis test
deniges test
husemanns test

414
Q

most potent prepration of cannabis is

A

charas

415
Q

route of cocaine addiction

A

snorting

skin popping

416
Q

most common substance abuse in india

A

tobacco

417
Q

most common illicit substances abuse in India

A

cannabis

418
Q

most common illicit substances abuse in world

A

cannabis

419
Q

most common date rape drug is

A

alcohol

420
Q

3rd supralabial

touches both eye and nostril in

A

common cobra

421
Q

4th infralabial is largest in

A

common krait

422
Q

central rows of hexagonal scales

A

common krait

423
Q

PASV starts with

A

10 vials

424
Q

fixation of toxin of common cobra

A

post synaptic region

neostigmine is useful

425
Q

fixation of toxin of

common krait

A

presynaptic region

no role of neostigmine

426
Q

wht is mercurialism

A

caused by iv inj of mercury
causes thrombophlebitis
granuloma
pul embolism

427
Q

who is ophiophagus

hannah

A

king cobra

428
Q

naja

naja is

A

common cobra

429
Q

echis carinatus

A

saw scaled viper

430
Q

bangarus ceruleus is

A

banded krait

431
Q

best emetic

A

ipeac

432
Q

best emetic

A

ipeac

433
Q

best purgative best cathartic

A

sorbitol

forensic medicine (4 decks)

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