Toxicology

Question 1

Antidote to Acetaminophen?

Answer 1

N-acetylcysteine

Question 2

Antidote to Arsenic, Mercury, or Gold?

Answer 2

British anti-Lewisite or DMSA

Question 3

Antidote to Atropine?

Answer 3

Physostigmine

Question 4

Antidote to Benzodiazepines?

Answer 4

Flumazenil

Question 5

Antidote to CO?

Answer 5

O2

Question 6

Antidote to Cyanide?

Answer 6

Amul nitrate, then sodium nitrite, then sodium thiosulfate

Question 7

Antidote to Ethylene glycol?

Answer 7

Fomepizole

Question 8

Antidote to Iron?

Answer 8

Defreoximine

Question 9

Antidote to Lead?

Answer 9

Edetate calcium disodium or DMSA

Question 10

Antidote to methyl alcohol?

Answer 10

Ethyl alcohol +/- dialysis

Question 11

Antidote to nitrates?

Answer 11

Methylene blue

Question 12

Antidote to opiates?

Answer 12

Naloxone

Question 13

Antidote to organophosphates?

Answer 13

Atropine

Pralidoxime

Question 14

T/F: With ingestion of a toxin, you should induce vomiting to eliminate it.

Answer 14

False, it doesn’t actually work, so it is no longer encouraged.

Question 15

Pinpoint pupils is a sign of why kind of toxidrome?

Answer 15

Narcotics

Question 16

What is the number one side effect of hypertension drugs?

Answer 16

Hypotension

Question 17

What’s a unique sign of salicylate toxicity and how do you treat it?

Answer 17

Tinnitus

Hydration (alkalinize the urine) and hyperventilation

Question 18

Acetaminophen is oxidatively metabolized in the liver via the mixed function P450 system to what toxic metabolite?

Answer 18

N-Acetyl-p-benzoquinone-imine (NAPQI)

Question 19

What are the key points for the four stages of acetaminophen toxicity?

Answer 19

1: 30min - 24hrs - N/V
2: 24 - 48hrs >AST, ALT, bilirubin
3: 72 - 96 hrs - peak toxicity
4: >96hrs - recovery, liver transplant or death

Question 20

What are three NSAID containing narcotic analgesics?

Answer 20

Percodan - oxycodone/aspirin
Combunox - oxydodone/ibuprofen
Vicoprofen - Hydrocodone/ibuprofen

Question 21

What are common SSX of antidepressant toxicity?

Answer 21

Dry mouth
Blurred vision
Urinary retention
Constipation

Question 22

What are SSX of Serotonin syndrome?

Answer 22

Agitation
Anxiety
Confusion
Insomnia
Headache
Coma
Salivation
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Cutaneous piloerection
Flushed skin
Hyperthermia
Rigidity
Shivering
Incoordination
Myoclonic jerks

Question 23

An overdose of what class of antidepressant can progress to bradycardia, hypotension, and coma and has a high mortality rate?

Answer 23

MAO inhibitors

Question 24

How might you treat a black widow spider bite?

Answer 24

Muscle relaxants to relieve muscle spasms (diazepam)