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Emergency Med > Toxicology > Flashcards

Toxicology Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

Antidote to Acetaminophen?

A

N-acetylcysteine

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2
Q

Antidote to Arsenic, Mercury, or Gold?

A

British anti-Lewisite or DMSA

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3
Q

Antidote to Atropine?

A

Physostigmine

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4
Q

Antidote to Benzodiazepines?

A

Flumazenil

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5
Q

Antidote to CO?

A

O2

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6
Q

Antidote to Cyanide?

A

Amul nitrate, then sodium nitrite, then sodium thiosulfate

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7
Q

Antidote to Ethylene glycol?

A

Fomepizole

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8
Q

Antidote to Iron?

A

Defreoximine

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9
Q

Antidote to Lead?

A

Edetate calcium disodium or DMSA

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10
Q

Antidote to methyl alcohol?

A

Ethyl alcohol +/- dialysis

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11
Q

Antidote to nitrates?

A

Methylene blue

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12
Q

Antidote to opiates?

A

Naloxone

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13
Q

Antidote to organophosphates?

A

Atropine

Pralidoxime

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14
Q

T/F: With ingestion of a toxin, you should induce vomiting to eliminate it.

A

False, it doesn’t actually work, so it is no longer encouraged.

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15
Q

Pinpoint pupils is a sign of why kind of toxidrome?

A

Narcotics

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16
Q

What is the number one side effect of hypertension drugs?

A

Hypotension

17
Q

What’s a unique sign of salicylate toxicity and how do you treat it?

A

Tinnitus

Hydration (alkalinize the urine) and hyperventilation

18
Q

Acetaminophen is oxidatively metabolized in the liver via the mixed function P450 system to what toxic metabolite?

A

N-Acetyl-p-benzoquinone-imine (NAPQI)

19
Q

What are the key points for the four stages of acetaminophen toxicity?

A

1: 30min - 24hrs - N/V
2: 24 - 48hrs >AST, ALT, bilirubin
3: 72 - 96 hrs - peak toxicity
4: >96hrs - recovery, liver transplant or death

20
Q

What are three NSAID containing narcotic analgesics?

A

Percodan - oxycodone/aspirin
Combunox - oxydodone/ibuprofen
Vicoprofen - Hydrocodone/ibuprofen

21
Q

What are common SSX of antidepressant toxicity?

A

Dry mouth
Blurred vision
Urinary retention
Constipation

22
Q

What are SSX of Serotonin syndrome?

A 
Agitation
Anxiety
Confusion
Insomnia
Headache
Coma
Salivation
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Cutaneous piloerection
Flushed skin
Hyperthermia
Rigidity
Shivering
Incoordination
Myoclonic jerks
23
Q

An overdose of what class of antidepressant can progress to bradycardia, hypotension, and coma and has a high mortality rate?

A

MAO inhibitors

24
Q

How might you treat a black widow spider bite?

A

Muscle relaxants to relieve muscle spasms (diazepam)

Emergency Med (8 decks)

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