Respiratory Flashcards
What should you be concerned with when you see peripheral cyanosis (especially unilateral)?
Thrombosis
What is a flail chest?
Abnormal breathing movements usually caused by multiple rib fractures
What is the classic cause of inspiratory stridor?
Air flow obstruction occurring above the level of the vocal cords
How is expiratory (mixed) stridor difference from inspiratory?
Air flow obstruction below the vocal cords
Contraindication to epinephrine during anaphylaxis
There are none
How does an anaphylactoid reaction differ from anaphylaxis?
Not antibody related, use a different pathway, but treated similarly (epi)
Three D’s of epiglottitis
Dysphagia
Drooling
Distress
What three conditions should you consider if you hear crackles (rales) due to inter-alveolar fluid?
Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF)
Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Pneumonia
What etiologies might you suspect with JVD with lungs that appear clear to auscultation? (3)
Right heart failure
Cardiac tamponade
Pulmonary embolism
What is the initial treatment for worsening CHF?
O2
Head and shoulders elevated
Keep pt calm
911
What is the first line tx in an acute asthma attack?
Inhaled or nebulized short acting beta agonist (SABA) [e.g. albuterol]
What type of immunologic reaction is anaphylaxis?
Type I hypersensitivity reaction (IgE mediated)
What’s the dosage of epi in anaphylaxis?
0.3 to 0.5 mg (1 mg/mL preparation) IM every 5-15 min as needed.
Beside epi, what else is appropriate to tx anaphylaxis?
- O2, 6-8 L/min. or up to 100% as needed
- Normal saline rapid bolus (1-2 L IV)
- Also consider albuterol, H1/H2 antihistamine, or glucocorticoid
What is the posture and speech like in children with epiglottitis?
Tripod posture (trunk/chin forward, neck hyperext.) "hot potato" (muffled)
