Toxicology Flashcards
1
Q
AChE inhibitor Toxidrome
- symptoms
- Tx
A
- miosis, salivation, sweating, GI cramp, diarrhea, muscle twitches/seizures, coma, respiration failure
- Tx: atropine and pralidoxime
2
Q
Atropine and muscarinic blocker Toxidrome
- symptoms
- Tx
A
- increase HR, increased BP, hyperthermia, delirium, hallucinations, mydriasis
- Tx: symptomatic and physostigmine
3
Q
CO poisoning
- symptoms
- Tx
A
- N/V, dyspnea with hyperventilation, mydriasis, vertigo, cardiovascular signs, decreased BP, syncope, increased HR, arrhythmias
- Tx: hyperbaric O2 and decontamination
4
Q
CNS Stimulants Toxidrome
- symptoms
- Tx
A
- anxiety/agitation, hyperthermia, sweating, mydriasis, increased HR, increased BP, psychosis, seizures
- Tx: symptomatic, benzos
5
Q
Opioid Toxidrome
- symptoms
- Tx
A
- lethargy, sedation, decreased HR, decreased BP, hypoventilation, miosis, coma, respiratory failure
- Tx: ventilation, naloxone
6
Q
Salicylate (ASA)
- symptoms
- Tx
A
- confusion, lethargy, hypervent, hyperthermia, dehydration, hypokalemia, acidosis, seizures, coma
- urinary alkalosis, hemodialysis, corret electrolytes
7
Q
sedative hypnotics and ethanol
- symptoms
- Tx
A
- disinhibition, lethargy, ataxia, nystagmus, stupor, coma, hypothermia, resp fail
- ventilation, flumazenil
8
Q
SSRIs
- symptoms
- Tx
A
- agitation, confusion, hallucination, muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, increased HR, increased BP, seizures
- anti-psychotics and BZ, cyproheptadine
9
Q
TCA
- symptoms
- Tx
A
- mydriasis, hyperthermia, dry skin, convulsion, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrhythmia)
- DONT GIVE PHYSOSTIGMINE
- treat symptoms, correct acidosis
10
Q
Heavy metal poisoning
A
inhibit SH groups on enzymes
11
Q
Arsenic poisoning
- acute
- chronic
- treatment
A
- GE, hypoTN, met acid, garlic breath, rice water stool, torsades, seizures
- pallor, raindrop skin pigment, alopecia, stocking glove neuropathy, myelosuppression
- Tx: activated charcoal, dinercaperol, penicilamine, succimer
12
Q
Iron poisoning
- acute
- treatment
A
- severe GI distress–>necrotizin GE with hematemesis, dyspnea, shock, coma
- deferoxamine
13
Q
Lead poisoning
- acute
- chronic
- treatment
A
- N/V/D, malaise, tremor, tinnitus, paresthesia, encephalopathy
- anemia, neuropathy, nephropathy, hepatitis, mental retardation, decreased fertilty
- dimercaprol, EDTA, succimer
14
Q
Mercury poisoning
- acute
- chronic
- treatment
A
- chest pain, dyspnea, pneumonitis, hemorrhagic GE, ATN, shock
- ataxia, paresthesia, vision and hearing loss, loose teeth
- succimer, dimercaprol
15
Q
Acetaminophen antidote
A
acetylcysteine
16
Q
AChE inhibitors antidote
A
atropine and pralidoxime
17
Q
Iron and Iron salt antidote
A
deferoxamine
18
Q
Digoxin antidote
A
Digoxin immune F(ab)
19
Q
Arsenic, gold, mercury, lead antidote
A
dimercaprol (BAL)
20
Q
lead poisoning antidote
A
EDTA
21
Q
Theophylline and beta agonist antidote
A
esmolol
22
Q
methanol or ethylene glycol antidote
A
ethanol, fomepizole
23
Q
Benzos, zolpidem, zaleplon antidote
A
Flumazenil
24
Q
opioid antidote
A
naloxone
25
carbon monoxide antidote
oxygen
26
Copper (Wilson's disease), Fe, Pb, Mg antidote
Penacillamine
27
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Anticholinergic antidote
(atropine, antihistamine, antiparkinson)
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Physostygmine
28
Haparin antidote
Protamine
29
warfarin and coumadin antidote
vitamin K
30
oral poisoning
activated charcoal
31
Echinacea (colds)
SE: GI, dizzy, headache
32
garlic (hyperlipidemia, cancer)
caution with anticoagulants
33
gingko (caludication)
caution with anticoagulants
34
ginseng (mental/physical performance)
insomnia, nervousness, HTN, vaginal bleeding
35
saw palmetto (BPH)
GI pain, decreased libido, headache, HTN
36
st john's wort (depression)
serotonin syndrome with SSRI
| induces P450-->decreased effect of many drugs
