Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Occupational Medicine > Toxicology > Flashcards

Toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

What is te earliest effect of chronic cadmium poisoning?

A

Proteinuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the test of choice for monitoring organophosphate insecticide exposure?

A

RBC cholinesterase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the probable mechanism of sudden death involving fluorocarbon exposure?

A

cardiac arrhythmia and simple asphyxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Workers exposed to which of he following agents are required to participate in medical surveillance?

a. cadmium
b. Pb
c. asbestos
d. none of the above

A

d. none of the above
NB: employers are required to provide medical surveillance programs but workers are not required to participate. However, employers may make medical removal protection benefits contingent on participation in surveillance programs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is specifically required under OSHA benzene standard?

a. use of accredited laboratory only
b. spirometry training for non-physicians who perform PFTs.
c. medical exam within 1 year of initial assignment
d. a & b

A

d. a & b. Also, medical exam must be offered PRIOR to initial assignment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Under OSHA Pb standard, the employer must provide up to ____ of medical removal protection (MRP) benefits to workers with blood Pb levels of 50 mcg.

a. 30 days
b. 3 months
c. 6 months
d. 18 months

A

d. 18 months. During this MRP, the employer must maintain earnings, benefits, seniority and other rights for workers removed due to Pb exposure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Under the OSHA Pb standard for medical surveillance, the employer is required to provide biological monitoring and Pb exposure medical examination because of:

a. employee complaints
b. MSDS info
c. air monitoring results
d. EPA requirements

A

c. air monitoring results.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What Pb level of exposure triggers the need for employer to provide biological monitoring and medical surveillance?

A

When workplace inorganic Pb exposure exceeds 30 mcg/cubic meter per 8 hr TWA for 30 or more days annually.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which of the following statements regarding arsenic are false?

a. causes both lung and skin cancer
b. shown to be a cause of hepatic angiosarcoma
c. associated with peripheral vascular disease
d. causes bladder cancer

A

d.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which of the following can cause parkinsonian movement disorder?

a. trichloroethylene
b. MPTP
c. arsine
d. acrylamide

A

b. MPTP (a meperidine derivative)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which of the ofllowin is associated with the developement of parkinsonian symptoms?

a. chromium
b. nickel
c. n-hexane
d. manganese

A

d. manganese (tremor, neurobehavioral dysfunction, dysarthria, gait disturbance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which of the following agents is a potent GI carcinogen and has properties of cyanide at high concentrations?

a. acrylic resins
b. amino resins
c. acrylonitrile
d. epoxy resins

A

c. acrylonitrile (generates cyanide when burned, linked to colon cancer with 20 year latency)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which of the following is most likely to cause stomatitis, gingivitis and tremor?

a. beryllium
b. zinc
c. arsenic
d. elemental Hg

A

d. elemental mercury (“Mad Hatter” syndrome)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the best use of Maneb?

A

fungicide (aka mancozeb, metiram, EBDC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Organ function testing (e.g. liver, renal function tests) is useful for surveillance monitoring of which of the following?

a. CO
b. cadmium
c. Pb
d. arsenic
e. organophosphate pesticides

A

b. cadmium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which of the following symptoms are most consistent with chronic INORGANIC Hg poisoning?

a. erythism, distal neuropathy
b. irritability, tremor, ataxia
c. spasticity, visual constriction
d. stomatitis, melena

A

d. stomatitis, melena

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which of the following symptoms are most consistent with chronic ELEMENTAL Hg poisoning?

a. erythism, distal neuropathy
b. irritability, tremor, ataxia
c. spasticity, visual constriction
d. stomatitis, melena

A

a. erythism, distal neuropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which of the following symptoms are most consistent with methy-mercury (ORGANIC) poisoning?

a. erythism, distal neuropathy
b. irritability, tremor, ataxia
c. spasticity, visual constriction
d. stomatitis, melena

A

c. spasticity, visual constriction (mnemonic: DCATS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Solvent associated with “coasting” (continued decrement after exposure ceases)

a. n-hexane
b. formaldehyde
c. trichloroethanol
d. methyl-n-butyl ketone

A

a. n-hexane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Trimellitic anhydride (TMA) has been associated with all of the following except:

a. rhinitis
b. hemorrhagic pneumonitis
c. lung cancer
d. hemolytic anemia

A

c. lung cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Chronic elemental Hg effects

A

“Mad Hatter”-tremor, paresthesia, hyperexcitability, memory loss, erethism, sensory neuropathy, acrodynia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Methyl-Hg effects

A

“DCATS”-deafness, cognitive/visual constriction, ataxia, tremor, spasticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Inorganic Hg effects

A

GI mucosal necrosis, stomatitis, ATN (acute tubular necrosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Thallium exposure associated with:

A

hair loss, tremor, peripheral neuropathy, CN neuropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Trichloroethylene associated with:

A

trigeminal neuralgia, optic neuropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Skin cancer is associated with exposure to:

A

arsenic, UV radiation, ionizing radiation, PAH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Bladder cancer is associated with:

A

smoking, napthylamine, benzidine, 4-amino-biphenyl, aniline derivative dyess, methylene dianiline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Hemangiosarcoma is associated with:

A

vinyl chloride, arsenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Hepatocellular cancer is associated with:

A

aflatoxin, Hep C, Hep B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Regarding methyl mercury poisoning, all of the following are possible except:

a. fulminant chemical pneumonitis
b. ferrotoxicity
c. speech disturbance
d. hemiparesis

A

d. hemiparesis has NOT been linked to methyl mercury poisoning.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

A refinery worker presents for an “emergency” medical surveillance evaluation a reported overexposure to benzene during tank maintenance. Which substance would likely be elevated in his urine?

a. creatinine
b. phenol
c. methyl hippuric acid
d. beta 2 microglobulin

A

b. phenol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

A print assembly worker presents with numbness in his feet and hands. The most likely cause is:

a. methy-n-butyl ketone
b. formaldehyde
c. trichloroethanol
d. methyl ethyl ketone

A

a. methyl-n-butyl ketone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

A chemical plant worker liquid end-product is shipped to a company that makes ‘plastic’ pipes for the construction industry is more likely to develop:

a. acro-osteolysis
b. peripheral neuropathy
c. lung cancer
d. bladder cancer

A

a. acro-osteolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Which of the following agents has not been associated with peripheral neuropathy?

a. N-hexane
b. arsenic
c. toluene diisocyanate (TDI)
d. Pb

A

c. toluene diisocyanate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What wavelength UV light is of greatest health concern?

A

280-320 nm can cause skin cancer, photokeratosis, erythema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What agents are associated with urologic cancers?

A

aniline dyes; benzidine; 4-amino biphenyl; beta naphthalene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Why are slow acetylators at higher risk of bladder cancer?

A

N-acetylation reduces carcinogenicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

IARC Category 1 means:

A

carcinogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

IARC Category 2 means:

A

probable, possible carcinogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

IARC Category 3 means:

A

not classifiable with regard to humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

IARC Category 4 means:

A

probably not carcinogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Name the single agent in IARC Category 4

A

caprolactam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is the major route of exposure for solvents?

A

respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

How are solvents metabolized?

A

Primarily metabolized by P450 in liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Solvents that are poorly metabolized such as tetrachloroethylene are excreted primarily by?

A

exhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

BEI for benzene?

A

urine phenol or end exhaled air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

BEI for xylene?

A

urine methyl hippuric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

BEI for toluene?

A

urine hippuric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

BEI for styrene?

A

urine mandelic acid or phenylglycolic acid, blood styrene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

BEI for trichloroethylene?

A

urine trichlorethanol or trichloracetic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

BEI for N-hexane?

A

urine 2,5 hexanedione

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Symptoms of acute solvent syndrome?

A

headache, confusion, dizziness, malaise, seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

acute solvent exposure acts like what on the brain?

A

alcohol; reversible encephalopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Chronic Solvent Syndrome is AKA?

A

Painters’ syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Symptoms of Painters syndrome?

A

psychomotor slowing, decreased memory, dementia, fatigue, irritability, headaches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

2,5 hexanedione is responsible for what?

A

neurotoxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Toluene can cause what cardiac condition?

A

arrhythmias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Fetal Solvent Syndrome is associated with?

A

toluene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What is Blackfoot Disease? Agent?

A

peripheral vasospasm and gangrene; arsenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What cardiac condition is associated with acute arsenic exposure?

A

prolonged QT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Symptoms of acute inorganic arsenic toxicity?

A

GI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Symptoms of subacute inorganic arsenic toxicity?

A

blackfoot, PN, Mees lines, hyperkeratosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Symptoms of chronic arsenic toxicity?

A

PN, anemia, skin cancer (squamous), brown hyperpigmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Symptoms of Thallium toxicity?

A

PN, CN neuropathy,tremor, chorea, gait abnl.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Agent associated with Mad Hatter?

A

elemental Hg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Symptoms of acute elemental Hg toxicity?

A

cough, stomatitis, GI, pneumonia, bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Symptoms of chronic elemental Hg toxicity?

A

Triad: tremor, gingivitis, erethism; acrodynia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Health effects of acute inorganic Hg?

A

GI mucosal necrosis (bloody emesis and diarrhea); ATN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Exposure index for elemental Hg?

A

urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Exposure index for inorganic Hg?

A

urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Exposure index for Organic Hg (Methyl Mercury)

A

blood, hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Chronic Inorganic Pb toxicity?

A

fatigue, apathy, vague GI, arthalgias, myalgias, distal motor neuropathy, lead lines (in gums), HTN, CRF, gout.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Another name for organic Pb?

A

Alkyl Pb.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Parkinsonism is associated with which exposures?

A

manganese; CO; carbon disulfide; MPTP; Hg.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

What neurotoxicant is associated with blindness?

A

methanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

What neurotoxicants are associated with chronic toxic encephalopathy?

A

Pb, solvents, carbon disulfide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

NCS: Amplitude

A

reflects number of conducting fibers (reduced in axonal loss)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

NCS: Latency

A

reflects stimulus to response; prolonged in demyelination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

NCS; Conduction velocity

A

reduced in demyelinating disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

EMG:

A

used to investigate weakness

81
Q

Prior to 1950, the most common cause of toxic aplastic anemia was?

A

benzene exposure

82
Q

Biomarker for benzene?

A

urine phenol

83
Q

What are the metabolites of benzene and what do they cause?

A

hydroquinone, benzoquinone; cause marrow toxicity

84
Q

How do benzene metabolites cause marrow toxicity?

A

by destroying pluripotent stem cells

85
Q

Agents associated with aplastic anemia?

A

benzene; arsenic; pesticides; ionizing radiation; chemotherapy agents; antibiotics (chloramphenicol)

86
Q

What syndrome is associated with solvent nephropathy?

A

Goodpasture Syndrome (pulmonary hemorrhage and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis)

87
Q

What syndrome is associated with Pb nephropathy?

A

Fanconi Syndrome (amino aciduria, hyperphosphaturia, hypercalcemia)

88
Q

Chronic renal failure, hypertension and gout may represent exposure to

A

Pb.

89
Q

Glomerulonephritis is associated with exposure to

A

mercury, organic solvents

90
Q

Acute tubular necrosis is associated with exposure to

A

Pb, Cd, Hg, arsenic, solvent

91
Q

Solvent induced liver damage is associated with exposure to

A

carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethane, hydroflurocarbons, halothane

92
Q

Hepatic cancer (angiosarcoma) is associated with

A

vinyl chloride, arsenic, anabolic steroids, thorotrast

93
Q

Hepatic cancer (hepatocellular) is associated with

A

Hep B, Hep C, aflatoxin exposure

94
Q

Hepatic necrosis is associated with

A

TNT, carbon tet, chloroform, APAP, heat stroke, arsenic, halothane, yellow phosphorus

95
Q

Hepatic Steatosis is associated with

A

halogenated hydrocarbons, DDT, kepone, TNT, dimethyl formamide

96
Q

Halogenated hydrocarbons include

A

carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethane

97
Q

Occupational causes of squamous cell cancer include

A

sunlight, arsenic, PAH, phenolic compounds, ionizing radiation

98
Q

PAH includes

A

asphalt, shale oils, coal and oil products

99
Q

Cancers associated with PAH include

A

lung, renal, bladder, skin

100
Q

Chloracne is associated with

A

hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons

101
Q

Hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons include

A

dioxin, PCB, herbicides, Agent Orange

102
Q

Associated with toxic porphyrias

A

hexachlorobenzene, vinyl chloride, Pb, Aluminum, Dioxin, chloramphenicol

103
Q

Fetal solvent syndrome is associated with

A

toluene

104
Q

Sensorimotor axonal degeneration and hyperhydrosis is associated with

A

acrylamide

105
Q

Associated with hemolytic anemia

A

stibine gas; lead; arsine gas; copper sulfate “slacs”

106
Q

Associated with aplastic anemia

A

benzene; arsenic; pesticide; ionizing radiation; chemotherapy; antibiotics (chloramphenicol)

107
Q

Associated with Parkinson’s

A

manganese, carbon disulfide, MPTP, carbon monoxide, mercury C2M3

108
Q

Mee’s lines, blackfoot disease, anemia, neuropathy associated with

A

arsenic

109
Q

Agents associated with lung cancer

A

asbestos, radon, arsenic, chromium, chloromethyl ether, PAH, nickle

110
Q

Nickle compounds can cause all of the following except:

a. lung cancer
b. peripheral neuropathy
c. ARDS
d. contact dermatitis

A

b. peripheral neuropathy

111
Q

Agents associated with nasal cancer

A

hardwood dust, nickle, chromates, radium

112
Q

Associated with toxic porphyrias

A

Hexachlorobenzene, vinyl chloride, lead, aluminum, dioxin, chloramphenicol.

113
Q

Fetal solvent syndrome is associated with __?

A

toluene

114
Q

What is another name for toxic encephalopathy?

A

“white matter disease”

115
Q

What exposure affects CN5?

A

trichlorethylene

116
Q

“Degreaser’s flush” is associated with which exposure?

A

trichlorothylene

117
Q

Trichloroethylene is potentieted by ?

A

etOH

118
Q

What is the normal level of blood mercury?

A
119
Q

Carbon disulfide is used in which industry?

A

viscose rayon fiber; cellophane film manufacture

120
Q

What is the prevalence of OSA in general?

A

3-7%

121
Q

Treatment of OSA is recommended at ?

A

AHI greater than or equal to 15

122
Q

Metabolite(s) of benzene?

A

hydroquinone and benzoquinone

123
Q

Health effects of benzene metabolite(s)?

A

hydroquinone and benzoquinone are bone marrow toxic; destroys pluripotent stem cells.

124
Q

Occ med exposures related to aplastic anemia?

A

BAPICA

125
Q

RBC basophilic stippling is related to___ toxicity?

A

Pb

126
Q

What is”level of concern” for Pb re: children?

A

5 mcg/dL

127
Q

What organ is affected in acquired porphyrias?

A

liver (impaired heme synthesis)

128
Q

Heinz bodies are associated with ?

A

MetHgb

129
Q

Myelodysplastic Syndrome is associated with?

A

Benzene, Ionizing radiation

130
Q

Degreaser’s flush is similar to what kind of reaction?

A

antabuse

131
Q

Solvents tend to distribute to ____-rich tissue?

A

lipid-rich

132
Q

Toluene is found in?

A

gasoline, thinner, benzene substitute

133
Q

Causes of hemolytic anemia include?

A

stibine gas, arsine gas

134
Q

what % of cancer occurs secondary to occ exposures?

A

2-8%

135
Q

IARC Category 1:

A

human carcinogen

136
Q

IARC Category 2:

A

2A: probable human carcinoger; 2B possible human carcinogen

137
Q

IARC Category 3:

A

insufficient data; not classifiable

138
Q

IARC Category 4:

A

not a human carcinogen

139
Q

What form of arsenic is associated with skin cancer?

A

Inorganic

140
Q

BEI for benzene:

A

urine S-phenylmercapturic acid, urine t,t-muconic acid

141
Q

BEI for xylene:

A

urine methyl hippuric acid

142
Q

BEI for toluene:

A

urine hippuric acid

143
Q

BEI for styrene

A

urine mandelic acid or phenylglycoxylic acid

144
Q

BEI for N-hexane

A

urine 2,5 hexanedione

145
Q

What exposure potentiates hearing loss?

A

styrene

146
Q

What exposure affects color vision?

A

styrene

147
Q

What exposure is associated with psychosis?

A

carbon disulfide

148
Q

what exposure is uniquely associated with autonomic dysfunction?

A

acrylamide monomer

149
Q

Does carbon disulfide have cardiovascular effects?

A

Yes, it is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis.

150
Q

Mee’s lines are associated with?

A

arsenic

151
Q

Alkyl lead is also known as?

A

organic lead

152
Q

What kind of Pb is added to gasoline?

A

organic/alkyl lead

153
Q

Which neurotoxin is associated with opsoclonus?

A

chlordecone (aka Kepone)

154
Q

What exposure is associated with bladder neuropathy?

A

DMAPN (dimethyl amino propio nitrile)

155
Q

Name exposures associated with nasal cancer:

A

hardwood dust, chromates, nickel, radium, formaldehyde

156
Q

Name exposures associated with lung cancer:

A

asbestos, radon, arsenic, chromium, PAH, nickel, silica, bis-chloromethyl ether.

157
Q

Name exposures associated with mesothelioma:

A

asbestos

158
Q

Name exposures associated with bladder cancer:

A

smoking, aniline, methylene dianiline

159
Q

Name exposures associated scrotal cancer:

A

coal tar

160
Q

Name occupations associated with PAH exposures:

A

petrochemical, firefighting, coke oven

161
Q

Are coke oven workers covered under OSHA standard?

A

Yes; requires history, skin exam, CXR, PFT, urine studies

162
Q

Is Vinyl Chloride monomer under OSHA standard?

A

Yes; requires LFT annually x 10 years then q6mo

163
Q

Match:

a. B-napthalene 1. hepatic angiosarcoma
b. vinyl chloride 2. microsteatosis
c. methylene dianiline (MDA) 3. cholestatis
d. trichlorethylene 4. degreasers flush
e. dimethylforamide 5. bladder cancer

A 
a 5 
b 1
c 3
d 4
e 2
164
Q

Disorder associated with cadmium?

A

metallotheionein complex

165
Q

Disorder associated with mercury?

A

membranous glomerulonephritis

166
Q

Disorder associated with solvent?

A

Goodpastures’s syndrome

167
Q

Disorder associated with lead?

A

gout

168
Q

Disorder associated with B-naphthalene?

A

bladder cancer

169
Q

Disorder associated with vinyl chloride?

A

hepatic angiosarcoma

170
Q

Disorder associated with methylene dianiline (MDA)?

A

cholestasis

171
Q

Disorder associated with trichloroethylene?

A

degreaser’s flush

172
Q

Disorder associated with dimethylforamide

A

microsteatosis

173
Q

T or F: ADA includes pregnancy.

A

False. Specifically excludes pregnancy.

174
Q

What are reproductive effects of Pb exposure?

A

SA, stillbirths, preterm, delayed cognitive development, LBW

175
Q

Why may Pb levels increase after exposure in pregnancy?

A

lead stored in bones, mobilized for fetal skeleton in 2nd and 3rd trimester.

176
Q

Chemical properties of breast milk contaminants?

A

LMW, non-polar, lipophylic

177
Q

T or F: Solvents can cross placenta?

A

True.

178
Q

T or F: Exposure to anesthetic gases shows reproductive effects?

A

2003 study: no associations

179
Q

Decreased sperm production or motility due to?

A

Pb, heat, ion rad, etOH, cannabis, pesticides

180
Q

What are the two leading causes of occupational death?

A

MVA, homicide respectively.

181
Q

What is “Epping jaundice” and what is exposure?

A

cholestatic jaundice due to MDA

182
Q

Methylene dianiline is a what?

A

epoxy resin hardener

183
Q

Cirrhosis and fibrotic response due to what exposures?

A

carbon tetrachloride, arsenic, TNT, etOH, schistosomiasis, viral hepatides

184
Q

Hepatic angiosarcomas due to?

A

VCM, arsenic, anabolic steroids, thorotrast

185
Q

Hepatocellular carcinoma exposures?

A

aflatoxin, HBV, HCV

186
Q

Exposures associated with ATN?

A

cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic, solvents

187
Q

Exposure associated with renal tubular acidosis?

A

cadmium

188
Q

Beta-2-microglobulin is a marker for?

A

cadmium exposure

189
Q

Examples of LMW proteinuria?

A

Beta-2-microglobulin, retinol binding protein

190
Q

Examples of HMW proteinuria? Indicative of?

A

albumin, glomerulonephritis

191
Q

Name the disorder associated with low altitude agricultural workers?

A

Central America Chronic Kidney Disease

192
Q

Analgiesics can cause what type of renal effects?

A

interstitial nephritis

193
Q

“Light hydrocarbon nephropathy” exposures?

A

gasoline, glue sniffers (no sustained RF or decreased GFR)

194
Q

combination of hemoptysis and glomerulonephritis should make one thing of?

A

Goodpastures’s syndrome

195
Q

What is OSHA standard for Beta-2-microglobulin?

A

300 mcg/g Cr or less

196
Q

What is OSHA standard for blood cadmium?

A

5 mcg/l or less

197
Q

What is OSHA standard for urine cadmium?

A

3 mcg/g Cr or less

198
Q

Beta-2-microglobulin is an early indicator of?

A

cadmium nephrotoxicity

Clinical Occupational Medicine (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions