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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY REVIEW (NU) > TOXICOLOGY > Flashcards

TOXICOLOGY Flashcards

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1
Q

Ethanol

(grain alcohol)

A

most commonly ABUSED chemical substance

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2
Q

Stages of Impairment for Blood Alcohol

%w/v

A
  1. 0.01 - 0.05
  2. 0.03 - 0.12
  3. 0.09 - 0.25
  4. 0.18 - 0.30
  5. 0.27 - 0.40
  6. 0.35 - 0.50
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3
Q

Stages of impairment: Signs and symptoms

Stage 1: 0.03 - 0.05

A

-NO obvious IMPAIRMENT
-SOME observable changes in PERFORMANCE testing

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4
Q

Stages of impairment: Signs and symptoms

Stage 2: 0.03 - 0.12

A

-SOME IMPAIRMENT of motor skills
-Mild euphoria
-Decreased inhibitions

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5
Q

Stages of impairment: Signs and symptoms

Stage 3: 0.09 - 0.25

A

-MEMORY impairment
-Decreased inhibitions and reaction time
-Loss of critical judgment

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6
Q

Stages of impairment: Signs and symptoms

Stage 4: 0.18 - 0.30

A
  • STRONG IMPAIRMENT motor skills (stag, slur)
  • Mental confusion
  • Dizziness
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7
Q

Stages of impairment: Signs and symptoms

Stage 5: 0.27 - 0.40

A
  • IMPAIRED CONSCIOUSNESS
  • Unable to stand or walk
  • Vomitting
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8
Q

Stages of impairment: Signs and symptoms

Stage 6: 0.35 - 0.50

A
  • Coma
  • Death (possible)
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9
Q

≥ 0.10

A

Presumptive evidence of driving under ALCOHOL INFLUENCE

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10
Q

Cyanide

A

Odor of Bitter Almonds

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11
Q

Arsenic

A

Odor of garlic
Keratinophilic

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12
Q

Carbon monoxide

A
  • Odorless, colorless, tasteless
  • Blood Cherry-red color
  • Bind to hgb 250x than oxygen
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13
Q

Mercury

A
  • Nephrotoxic
  • Can BIND to myelin
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13
Q
A
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14
Q

Lead

A
  • SOC: Whole blood
  • INHIBITS D-ALA synthase & pyrimidine 5’ necleotides
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15
Q

Organophosphates

A
  • Hepatotoxic
  • INHIBITS acetylcholinesterase
  • found in insecticides and pesticides
16
Q

Drug of Abuse: Give the metabolite of the given drug

Amitriptyline

A

Nortryltyline

17
Q

Drug of Abuse: Give the metabolite of the given drug

Cocaine

A

Benzoylecgonine

18
Q

Drug of Abuse: Give the metabolite of the given drug

Heroin

A

Morphine

19
Q

Drug of Abuse: Give the metabolite of the given drug

Marijuana

A

Tetrahydrocannabinol

20
Q

Drug of Abuse: Give the metabolite of the given drug

Primodine

A

Phenobarbital

21
Q

Drug of Abuse: Give the metabolite of the given drug

Procainamide

A

NAPA

N-acetylprocainamide

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY REVIEW (NU) (4 decks)

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