TOV Flashcards
When was the TOV signed?
June 1919
Where was the TOV signed?
The Versailles Palace, just outside of Paris. Was signed in the Hall of Mirrors.
Reasons for TOV
To weaken Germany and their allies so another war wouldn’t happen. To punish the central powers for their causation of the war.
Leader of USA during TOV?
Woodrow Wilson
Leader of England during TOV?
David Lloyd George
Leader of France during TOV?
Georges Clemenceau
Leader of Italy during TOV?
Vittorio Orlando
Which countries were apart of the Big 3?
England, France, USA
Which countries were apart of the big 4?
England, France, USA, Italy
What did France want from the TOV?
Reparations, Land, to Weaken Germany, access to Saar Land (Where the coal was).
REVENGE!
France’s economy was ruined, their agricultural land was wrecked and the loss of manpower caused horrible circumstances for their country after the war.
What did England want from the TOV?
Land, Wanted reparations but didn’t want Germany in turmoil.
What did USA want from the TOV?
Neutral, wanted peace and stability for all countries involved. Voice of reason.
What did Italy want from the TOV?
Wanted Land, but was denied it causing them to leave the treaty completely.
What did Germany have to pay back in reparations? And what was the clause that made this happen?
Germany had to pay back 6.6 billion pounds in reparations. The clause was clause 231 otherwise known as the war guilt clause.
Military terms of the TOV
Germany’s weren’t allowed an air force, were only allowed 100,000 troops compared to 700,000 they had at the beginning of WW1, their navy was limited to 15,000 sailors, 6 battleships and no submarines. Rhineland, an area of Germany which borders France was demilitarised and was occupied by allied troops for 15 years. This left Germany almost completely defenseless to an attack and meant there was certainty that they wouldn’t attempt to invade other nations.
Territorial Losses
Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France.
West Prussia and the Polish corridor were lost to Poland.
After plebiscites (Votes) in 1920-21 by the occupants the following areas were lost:
Eupen and Malmedy to Belgium.
Danzig was taken by the League of Nations as a free city.
Memel was taken by the League before being taken by Lithuania.
The Saarland where Germany’s main supply of coal was was taken over by the League of Nations for 15 years before a plebiscite would be made.
Why did the German’s hate clause 231?
Clause 231 otherwise known as the war guilt clause was hated by German citizens for a multitude of reasons. The most significant one was the effect it has on Germany’s economy, Germany having been expressed to have caused WW1 were made to pay reparations for the full cost of the war. This meant a significant percentage of the citizens tax was contributed to paying these reparations which caused a massive crisis in Germany with hyperinflation and poor living conditions. The inflation was so significant that 1 trillion Marks (Germany’s currency) was equal to 1 US Dollar. The war guilt clause also had a significantly negative affect on German people’s patriotism with many citizens being ashamed to be German.
Effects of a few terms
Lack of military meant vulnerable to an attack. No access to Saarland meant economy is fucked because not enough coal. Reparations Meant living conditions are Fucked.
Reactions of TOV
France very happy.
Italy annoyed.
England thought too harsh.
Germany thought way too harsh.
Australia and the USA thought it left Germany too vulnerable.
DAMMITU
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