tourism gw 3 Flashcards
describe employment opportunities?
- hotels, transportation, souvenir shops and tour agencies, travel agents, tour guides
- 2011 –> UNWTO estimated that the tourism industry employed over 235 million people worldwide –> 6-8% of all the jobs in the world
describe grwoth in income?
- income growth for individuals and a country
- i.e. fishermen on pamilacan island in the philippines
- local tour comapnies hire fishermen to take domestic and international tourists on their boats to look for and swim with whale sharks and dolphins
- fishermen are paid US $80 to US $100 per boat
- tour companies also experience increase in revenue
- overall increase in revenue for the country through taxes collected
describe development in infrastructure and facilities?
- roads, airports, electricity and hotels
- i.e. olympic games venues etc
describe seasonal unemployment?
- certain tourists activities depned on climatic conditons (i.e. ski resorts)
- countries may experience a rise in tourist number for several months followed by a drop for the next few months
- people in certain tourism-related jobs have to find other sources of income when unemployment in the tourism industry is temporarily unavailable
give an example of seasonal unemployment
- i.e. sapporo, japan
- large number of visitors from december to february for skiing and snowboarding –> mountain ski resort operators will need to employ more people during winter to cater to the high tourist demand
describe under-use facilities at certain times of the year?
- seasonal tourism
- facilities built specifically for certain events are under-used
- facilities can be costly to maintain
- some of these facilities may become neglected
give an example of under- use of facilities?
- i.e. beijing, china
- venues built for 2008 summer olympics were detoriorating a few years after the olympics
- facilites had to be renovated to become more profitable
describe shortage of services?
- tourist infrastructure may require the use of large amunts of land, water and power
- shrotage of services such as water supply or power in non-tourist areas
describe preservation of local customs and heritage?
- protection of the way people live
- restored and preserved historical and cultural sites make a place more attractive to tourists
- restored sites benefit the local population by enhancing their sense of history
- built a sense of belonging
- revenue generated from tourism can also find the preservation and restoration of cultural heritage
describe dilution of local customs and heritage?
- identity, culture and values of a place can be lost when tourism becomes the major acitivity of the area
- commerical acitivites that cater mainly to tourists such as food outlets, travel agencies, souvenir shops and can become the major commerical activity of an area
- may force locals to relocate their original activites to other places
- identity of a place may be lost
- local cultural festivals and religious rituals are sometimes modified to meet the demands and expectations of tourists
- authenticity and significance of these cultural events may be reduced when they become commercialised
describe increased crime?
- high crime levels may occur at popular tourist sites
- some tourists carry valuable items (cameras. watches)
- vulnerable to muggins near hotels, transport terminals, atms and tourist attractions
- tourists are prone to being cheated or scammed to many tourists areas –> information, goods or servicesare sold at greatly inflated prices
explain conservation of natural environments?
- funding it provides to help conserve environments such as coral reefs. rainforests and mountainous areas
- revenue from entrance fees to national parks can be used to help protect and conserve these environments
give an example of conservation of natural environments?
- i.e. sepilok orangutan rehabilitation centre in sabah, malaysia
- partly relies on entrance fees to pay its staff
- staff help rehabilitate orangutans that have been orphaned or injured
describe vandalism?
- cultural, historical or natural sites may be vandalised by individuals or developers
give an example of vandalism?
- i.e. great wall of china
- visited by about 10 million tourists a year –> covered in graffiti