Tourism GI - done

Question 1

State a few ways to improve reliability of data sets.

Answer 1

Reliability is how consistent and reproducible the data is.

1. Increase sample size
2. Repeat data collection at more sites
3. Repeat data collection daily at the same time
4. Repeat data collection hourly

Question 2

State the pros and cons of systematic sampling.

Answer 2

[+] covers a large area of study uniformly; ensures no other factors influence choice of selection; easy to carry out; does not require knowing the entire population size

[-] can be biased as variations in the population can be missed out; can to lead under- or over-representation of trends ^^

Question 3

State the pros and cons of random sampling.

Answer 3

[+] everyone has an equal chance of being chosen; useful when there is an underlying pattern in the study area

[-] cannot be used if the entire population size is unknown; can lead to poor representation if a large part of population is missed out leading to biased data

Question 4

State the pros and cons of stratified sampling.

Answer 4

[+] allows for better representations of populations with known subsets; allows for better comparison between subsets of a population

[-] size of each subset must be the same and determined; cannot be used if there are no comparisons between subsets

Question 5

Describe a questionnaire and things to take note of when constructing one.

Answer 5

A set of premade questions, good to collect:
- profile information (age, gender, job)
- spatial patterns (origin of tourists)
- behaviourial patterns (preference of activities
- views & attitudes concerning issues
- a wide range of varied responses that can be compiled & compared quickly

Things to note:

• consists of close-ended, open-ended and scale questions
• open-ended can be vague and open to interpretation, so close-ended (MCQ) and likert scale is preferred
• questions should be concise & to the point
• questions should only ask information related to investigation
• questions should not be too personal or subjective
• preferred if MCQ and scale questions do not have a neutral option
• questions should not lead the person answering them

Question 6

Describe an interview and things to take note of when conducting one.

Answer 6

Questions to collect profiles and views or attitudes in a more in depth manner that is done face-to-face.
- able to clarify the interviewees’ answers
- takes a longer time and is harder to complete than questionnaires

Things to note:

• inform interviewees the duration of the survey
• stay objective when asking questions and avoid passing opinions
• be polite

Question 7

Describe a land use survey and things to take note of when conducting one.

Answer 7

On a blank sheet of paper:
- mark out the main street and walk down it
- observe and draw out the land uses of the place, such as what buildings or shops are located along the street
- use boxes to represent them and label them
- repeat until you reach the other end of the street
- refine the drawing by adding labels and short notes to provide more information

^^

Question 8

Describe a perception survey (bi-polar survey) and things to take note of when conducting one.

Answer 8

A scale-type survey that allows for:
- determination of the extent of a factor affecting something
- easy comparison between factors
- showing of overall perception on something (positive or negative)
- faster collection of data

Things to note:

• rating can be subjective depending on the person
• the rating is quantitative and does not allow for qualitative responses
• scope of survey can be narrow depending on what factors are provided
• tourists may choose the neutral option and reduce reliability of the survey