Tourism Flashcards
Why has there been growth in tourism? Name 5 reasons.
1) more disposable income
2) internet
3) more holidays by law
4) its become cheaper
5) transportation improvements
why are people attracted to cities?
culture
entertainment
shopping
why are people attracted to beaches?
swimming/fishing/water sports
sun
relaxation
why are people attracted to mountainous areas?
scenery
walking/climbing
snow sports
why is tourism good? 3 ways
creates jobs
increases income
important for both rich and poor
explain the gnp from tourism in 2 countries?
UK- 3%
KENYA- 15%
How many people visit the UK and London a year
32 million visitors a year
half our tourists visit london
what factors affect tourism in the Uk?
weather- wet summer 2007
conflict- 7/7+2011 riots
events- 2012 Olympics
6 steps in the tourism life cycle?
1) Exploration
2) Involvement
3) development
4) consolidation
5) stagnation
6) rejuvenation/decline
how many tourists does the lake district in Cumbria get?
15million a year - scenary, adventure, cultural attractions- wordsworth museums
How is the lake district coping with extra traffic?
public transport is improved
‘give the driver a break’ campaign- offers discounts for public transporters
How is the lake district coping with erosiom of footpaths?
encouraging visitors to use less vulnerable areas
some paths are gravelled or re soiled and seeded
How is the lake district protecting farmland and wildlife?
signs encouraging people to take rubbish home
campaign to make sure people close gates and keep dogs on leads
4 ways the lake district are attracting tourists?
1) £1.5 billion per year by 2018 from 1.1
2) Public transport and marketing
3) time share properties for all year young use
4) boosting tourism around NP to relieve pressure
Economic impacts from Mass Tourism?
P-money into local economy
-creates jobs
-boosting of supplying industries
N-A lot of profit is often kept by major travel companies
Social impacts of mass tourism?
P- young people stay in area for work -improved roads etc for locals -income can be reinvested into locals N-Seasonal -traffic -offensive tourism
Environmental impacts of mass tourism?
P- income can be reinvested into protecting the environment
N-transport- green house gases
-more litter
-destruction of natural habitats
How can you reduce negative impacts of mass tourism?
improve transport
limit people in sensitive areas
providing bins
how can you keep tourists coming?
- new facilities
- reduce unattractive factors
- marketing
- unique activities
- make it cheaper
how many people visit Kenya each year?
700,000 - big five/temp/tribes/scenery
how many people worked in tourism in Kenya in 2003?
219,000
what % of the money from tourism in Kenya, goes to locals?
15%
What are the social impacts of mass tourism on Kenya?
P-customs are preserved for tourists
N- some maasai tribes were forced out of areas for national parks
-Muslims can be offended by the way female tourists dress
what are the environmental impacts of mass tourism on Kenya?
P- 23 NP’s- money put back into the enviro
N- vehicles destroy vegetation
-coral reefs are damaged by anchors
How is Kenya reducing negative impacts?
- walking or horseback tours instead of jeep
- alternative activitied are encouraged
How is Kenya maintaining tourism/
1) ‘magical kenya’ in Russia
2) £8 million improving transport
3) visa fees were cut by 50%
why is extreme tourism increasing?
improved transport
global warming- last chance
normal tourism reasons
more information about extreme enviroments
why are extreme environments often easily damaged?
delicately balanced
5 ways the Himalayas have been damaged?
1) trees are cut down for fuel for trekkers
2) destroys habitats
3) less resistance- flooding
4) footpath and soil erosion- landslides hard to farm
5) no toilets- rivers become pollutes
Stat to show Antarctica’s increase in tourism
96/97- 7400
07/08- 46000
How has Antarctica’s environment been damaged?
1) tourists trample plants
2) drop litter
3) introducing non-native diseases
4) disturbing wildlife
5) Spillage of fuels kills animals- 2007
What two organisations protect Antarctica?
1) the Antarctic treaty
2) International association of antarctica tour operators
what happened to Antarctica with the Antarctic treaty in 1961?
47 countries come together to protect and conserve plans and animals
what happened to Antarctica with the Antarctic treaty in 2009?
new limits on tourism - only ships with less than 500 passenger
- max of 100 people on shore at once
tell me about what the IAATO does? 5
Voluntary
- off limit areas
- no smoking on shore
- no litter left
- sewage must be treated biologically or stored on board
- tourists must be supervised when off ship
What is stewardship?
taking responsibility for conserving enviroment
5 ways ecotourism improves the environment
1) locals encouraged to conserve
2) less people working as poachers etc
3) uses renewable energy
4) local food for less transport
5) waste is disposed of care
What are the economic benefits of ecotourism? 2
creates jobs
selling things to tourists in the area
how does ecotourism benefit locals?
more stable incomes
many ecotourism schemes fund schools and things
how does ecotourism help sustainable development?
- improve qol
- profits are used for schools and healthcare
- environment stays undamaged to keep up ecotourism
what is the ecotourism case-study?
Tataquara lodge
where is tataquara lodge?
island in the Xingu river in brazil
who is tataquara run by?
6 local tribes
what happens at tataquara lodge?
fishing, canoeing, wildlife, walks, endangered species help
How does tataquara lodge help the environment?
- locals materials found on the ground- no transport or deforestation
- solar panels - no fossil fuels
- food is local- no transport
how is the tataquara economically beneficial?
owned by tribes not big companies
uses local food
how does the tataquara lodge help locals?
creates jobsú
preserves culture
profits go to schools and healthcare, for thousands of people
how is the tataquara lodge sustainable development?
- education and healthcare
- money is made without damaging the enviroment
How much money does the uk get a year from tourism?
£114 billion
how many people are employed in tourism in the uk?
1.4 million
