The Development Gap Flashcards
definition of development?
when a country gets a better quality of life
GDP
total value of goods a country produces a year in dollars
GNI
total value of goods and services by people of that nationality
infant mortality
number of babies born who die within a year per 1000 babies born
HDI is calculated how?
using LE, literacy rates, education levels and GNI per head
what are the limitations of gdp gni etc
cross-country differences
as a country develops some aspects may develop quickers
what did countries use to be split into?
medc and ledc
How do we currently split up countries?
Rich industrial- usa Oil exporters- Qatar Newly industrialising- Brazil Heavily indebted- Ethiopia Former Communist- Russia
what is SOL?
material and wealth
what QOL?
food, water, health
Example of country with a good sol but bad qol?
war zone
What are the environmental factors which effect development?
1) poor climate
2) poor farming land- steep etc
3) limited water
4) natural disasters
5) few raw materials
what are the political factors which effect development?
1) unsable countries who don’t invest in health and education
2) corrupt governments
3) war
economic factors which effect development?
1) poor trade links
2) lots of debt
3) an economy based on primary products
social factors which effect development?
1) drinking water
2) women’s rights
3) education
Nicaragua and Honduras hurricane name?
Mitch
date of hurricane?
oct 1998
total people who died in Nicaragua and Honduras
10000- 7000 in h 3000 in n
how many crops were destroyed in Honduras?
70%
percentage of transport damaged in Honduras?
80%
total amount of houses destroyed in Honduras and Nicaragua?
58900
how many schools were destroyed in Honduras?
20%
how many healthcare centres were destroyed in total?
207
How much did repairs cost in total?
$1.6 billion dollars
how many kids worked instead of education in Nicaragua?
8.1% more
what did the Honduran president say?
destroyed 50 years of progress
how can countries improve by ‘self-help’/
urbanisation
communities work together to build schools
what is fair trade/
buyers have to pay a fair price
workers have to be safe
what are trading groups?
reduce tax barriers
other countries miss out
how is debt reduced?
debt cancellation- Zambia $4 billion cancelled in 2005 and in 2006 got free health care
conservation swaps- 2008 usa reduced peru’s debt by $25 million in exchange for the conservation of its rainforests
what is the giver called in international aid?
the donor
what is the receiver called in international aid?
the recipient
what different ways can donors get aid?
directly- bilateral aid- can be with conditions
indirectly- through NGO’s- multilateral aid
Advantaged of international aid?
recipient- development
donor- political allies
countries for farm-Africa?
Ethiopia, Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
What are the 4 projects farm Africa do?
rural womens empowerment
prosopis management
community development
sustainable forest management
rural womens empowerment
trained in looking after live stock and farming
legal training for womens rights
prosopis management
farmers are shown how to convert pest prosopis into animal feed which can be sold
community development
loans water by pumps
people are trained as vets to look after their livestock
sustainable forest
people taught how to make honey and coffee
fuel efficient stoves use less wood
inequalities in the eu case study?
uk and bulgaria
Uk and bulgaira gni per head/
$34000- UK
$11000 BULGARIA
LE of UK and BULGARIA
79
73
HDI of UK and BULGARIA
- 95
0. 82
environmental, economical and political differences between uk and bulgaria
good farming- droughts then stroms and mountainous
good trade links-communists money not invested in economy
stable government - corruption
how is the EU reducing inequalities
1) money to cities to create jobs
2) Common Agricultural Policy- farmers get a set price for products guaranteed
3) Structured funds for research, development, transport and equality
