Tourism

Question 1

Give 5 reasons why tourism is growing.

Answer 1

• People are generally wealthier now than in the past. They have more money available to spend on luxury items such as holidays and leisure pursuits.
• People now have a shorter working week and longer paid holidays, and tend to retire earlier. This gives them more time for leisure pursuits.
• The increase in car ownership and improvements in road, rail and air travel have reduced journey times and made travel easier.
• Cheaper holidays are possible with block bookings and package holidays which include travel, accommodation and meals in the price, and is cheaper than buying them separately.
• Internet websites and social media promote new and different places and activities. People are more aware of the holiday opportunities available to them.

Question 2

What are 5 key features of Eco - Tourism.

Answer 2

• The voice of life cal people are listened to throughout all tourist developments.
• It also aims to educate tourists of the culture and way of life in the local area.
• It provides employment for local people, such as tour guides/rangers.
• Money raised from eco-tourism is used to benefit and conserve the local area.
• Eco-tourism provides earnings to communities with little other income.
• It does not impact negatively on the local area in any way.

Question 3

Name 6 causes of Eco-Tourism.

Answer 3

• It generates a steady source of income for developing countries, whilst still maintaining the natural environment.
  -Tourists want to experience unspoilt environments, and so tourists travel to these countries to do so.
• Many travellers are bored from the usual package holidays, and so try something different like eco-tourism., for example Amazon cruises rather than luxury cruises.
• People have become more climate conscious, so take steps to reduce the impact of their holidays on the environment.
  -As more people travel to different destinations, some tourists look for something new and unique to make them stand out and broaden their horizons.
• The growth of social media and the internet has made people more aware of potential destinations further afield.

Question 4

Name 4 positive effects of Eco Tourism in Kenya.

Answer 4

• It can provide local people with employment opportunities e.g. park rangers, tour guides, cleaners in lodges.
• People around the world become more educated on the different ways of life among the indigenous Maasai.
• Safari parks protect animals from poachers and can stop the extinction of species.
• Many resorts run on renewable energy, reducing CO2 emissions.

Question 5

Explain 3 negative effects that eco-tourism has.

Answer 5

• The nomadic Maasai people are forced to settle in one location, and lose their traditional way of life.
• Although the income is higher than selling crops, jobs are often seasonal, leaving people without income.
• Game park buses cause soil erosion and alter the wild animals behaviour.

Question 6

Name 6 strategies used to Manage Eco-Tourism.

Answer 6

• National pros such as the Maasai Mara have been set up in Kenya, helping to safeguard the environment while making sure that communities can grow sustainably.
• To preserve the environment, visitor numbers to eco-tourist areas are restricted. Tourist numbers in Maasai Mara are limited to 32,000 visitors per month.
• Safari Tours are conducted at a small scale, with few vehicles at any one time, to ensure habitats are not disrupted.
• Tourists can be educated to respect Maasai culture and their customs by ensuring that they keep an open mind and avoid stereotypes.
• Tourists can use reputable tour companies so that a fair share of profit is returned to the residents of the local area for them to improve their quality of life. The tour operator Kuoni invested in the rebuild of Manyatta Primary School.
• Local people can be used as guides to educate visitors on the importance of conservation and can show them projects where money is being spent.

Question 7

Explain 6 effects that Mass Tourism has in Spain.

Answer 7

• Local residents are disturbed by the large amount of noisy tourists at night, which ruins the atmosphere and causes noise pollution.
• Many flats and apartments have been converted into holiday lets or Airbnb rentals, meaning local people cannot live in them, and also increases property prices.
• Tourism boosts the economy from buying food souvenirs and by eating out, and is now worth €2 Billion.
• Tourism creates jobs for locals, such as construction and customer service. However, some jobs are seasonal, meaning 5-10% of people do not have an income over winter.
• More tourists have led to big increases in traffic, which makes the air quality in some cities very poor.
• Large strips of hotels in Calvià can spoil views of the natural landscapes, and ruins the atmosphere in peaceful towns.

Question 8

Explain 6 Solutions to Mass Tourism

Answer 8

• In Barcelona, the air quality is very poor. A solution to this is introducing bike hire schemes such as Bicing where people can rent bikes rather than having to buy a new one.
• Another solution to this is that LEZ’s have been introduced in Barcelona’s city centre to improve the air quality in the area.
• Local residents want tourists to reduce the noise that they make. Noisy tourists or anyone who ‘causes a nuisance’ can be fined up to €3000.
• In Spain, lots of jobs are seasonal. To reduce the effects of unemployment during the winter season, unemployment benefits are paid to locals.
• In the island of Mallorca, both tourists and resident rely on flights. The Spanish government offers a 75% discount to local residents on flights to Spain, so they are less affected by high tourist prices.
• Large strips of hotels are built which spoil views. The regional government have banned new hotels from being built until at least 2026.