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Spa Therapy 2015 > Touch > Flashcards

Touch Flashcards

1
Q

What is the medical term for touch?

A

Somatic senses

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2
Q

What is proprioception?

A

recognition of body position

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3
Q

What is nociception?

A

Pain

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4
Q

What is the technical term for feeling pain?

A

Nociception

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5
Q

What is the term used for the recognition of body position?

A

Proprioception

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6
Q

What is the somatosensory system meaning?

A

Touch

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7
Q

Where would you find sensory receptors?

A

Epithelia, skeletal muscles, bones, joints, internal organs and the cardiovascular system

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8
Q

What are the three types of receptors?

A

Thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors and chemorecpetors

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9
Q

What ado chemoreceptors do?

A

Change chemical signals into action potential

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10
Q

Where is the primary somatosensory cortex?

A

The parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex

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11
Q

What are the different types of somatosenses?

A

Cutaneous, kinesthesia and visceral

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12
Q

How many neurons are involved in somatosensory signals?

A

at least 3

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13
Q

Where is the primary neuron located?

A

dorsal root ganglion of the spinal nerve

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14
Q

Where would you find the secondary neuron?

A

In the spine or brain stem

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15
Q

Where does the secondary neuron terminate?

A

The ventro-posterior nucleus of the thalamus

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16
Q

Where does the tertiary neuron finish?

A

The postcentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex

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17
Q

The dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway transmitts what sort of information?

A

Fine touch, vibration and concious proprioceptive information

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18
Q

What pathway does fine touch, vibration and concious proprioceptive information travel through?

A

The dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway

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19
Q

The ventral spinothalamic pathway transmits what sort of information?

A

Pain, temperature, itch and crude touch

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20
Q

What pathway does pain, temperature, itch and crude touch travel through?

A

The ventral spinothalamic pathway

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21
Q

The dorsal spinocerebellar pathway transmits what sort of information?

A

Proprioceptive information

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22
Q

The ventral spinocerebellar pathway transmits what sort of information?

A

Proprioceptive information

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23
Q

What pathway does proprioceptive information travel through?

A

The dorsal and ventral spinocerebellar tracts

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24
Q

What is the name for a somatosensory map?

A

Homunculus

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25
Q

What is pain?

A

An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage

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26
Q

What is nociceptive pain?

A

Stimulation of peripheral nerve fibers that respond only to stimuli approaching or exceeding harmful intensity

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27
Q

What do we call an unpleasant sesory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage?

A

Pain

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28
Q

What is caused by the stimulation of peripheral nerve fibers that respond only to stimuli approaching or exceeding harmful intensity?

A

Nocicptive pain

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29
Q

What causes neuropathic pain?

A

Damage or disease affecting any part of the nervous system involved in bodily feeling

30
Q

What does damage or disease affecting any part of the nervous system involved in bodily feeling cause?

A

Neuropathic pain

31
Q

What would peripheral neuropathic pain be described as?

A

Burning, tingling, electrical, stabbing or pins and needles

32
Q

What could feeling burning, tingling, electrical, stabbing or pins and needles be?

A

Peripheral neuropathic pain

33
Q

What is acute pain?

A

Normal pain

34
Q

What do we call normal pain?

A

Acute pain

35
Q

What is chronic pain?

A

Pain illness felt day after day

36
Q

What do we call pain illness that is felt day after day?

A

Chronic pain

37
Q

What is phantom pain?

A

A pain from a limb or organ which a person no longer receives physical signals

38
Q

What do we call pain from a limb or organ from which a person no longer receives physical signals?

A

Phantom pain

39
Q

What causes cutaneous pain?

A

Injury to the skin or superficial tissues

40
Q

Injury to the skin or superficial tissues will cause what?

A

Cutaneous pain

41
Q

Where does somatic pain originate from?

A

Ligaments, tendons, bones, blood vessles, fasciae and muscles

42
Q

Pain from the ligaments, tendons, bones, blood vessels, fasciae and muscles is called what?

A

Somatic pain

43
Q

Wher does visceral pain originate?

A

The body’s viscera or organs

44
Q

Pain originating from the body’s organs is called what?

A

Visceral pain

45
Q

What is a pain scale useful for therapists?

A

Helps to monitor symptoms and outcomes

46
Q

What are nociceptors?

A

Free nerve endings with cell bodys outside of the spinal column in the dorsal root ganglion

47
Q

How many types of nociceptors are there?

A

3

48
Q

What are the different types of nociceptors?

A

Mechanical, chemical and thermal

49
Q

What do you call nociceptors that have a response that comes only after the onset of innflammation to the surrounding tissue

A

Silent or sleeping nociceptors

50
Q

What are the two types of axons involoved in nociception?

A

Alpha and C fibre axons

51
Q

Fast pain travel down whach tract?

A

Neospinothalamic tract

52
Q

Slow pain travels down which tract?

A

Paleospinothalamic tract

53
Q

How fast do alpha axons transmit signals?

A

6-30m/s

54
Q

How fast do C fibre axons transmit signals?

A

around 2 m/s

55
Q

How quickly is fast pain felt?

A

within a tenth of a second

56
Q

How is fast pain felt?

A

Sharp, acute prickling pain

57
Q

How is slow pain felt?

A

aching, throbbing burning pain

58
Q

What is a non nociception stimuli often used to gate pain?

A

Vibration

59
Q

What is haptic communication?

A

The means by which people and other animals communicate with touching

60
Q

Who came up with the five haptic categories and when?

A

Heslin in 1974

61
Q

What are the five haptic categories?

A

Functional/professional, social/polite, friendship/warmth, love/intimacy, sexual/arousal

62
Q

Who came up with the 18 different meanings of touch and when?

A

Jones and Yarbrough 1985

63
Q

Who camee up with the five categories of power bases?

A

French and raven

64
Q

Greeting and departure are both what sort of touches?

A

Ritualistic

65
Q

Attention getting and compliance are both what sorts of touches?

A

Control

66
Q

Instrumental ancillary and reference to appearance are both what sort of touches?

A

Task-related

67
Q

What are the 5 categories of power bases?

A

Legitimate power, referent power, expert power, rewar power and coercive power

68
Q

What sort of power does someone have if they can persuade and influence others simply by being likeable?

A

Referent power

69
Q

What do you call a culture that communicates mainly through words?

A

Low context culture

70
Q

What are three middle ground touching countries?

A

France India and Germany

Spa Therapy 2015 (7 decks)

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