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Spa Therapy 2015 > Smell > Flashcards

Smell Flashcards

1
Q

What do you call the sence of smell?

A

Olfaction

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2
Q

What is olfaction?

A

The detetion of chemicals dissolved in the air

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3
Q

Olfaction is a form of what type of reception?

A

Chemoreception

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4
Q

Odours are caused by what?

A

Chemicals dissolved in the air

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5
Q

What is an odour?

A

Chemicals dissolved in the air that activate the olfactory system

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6
Q

Mammals have about how many genes for odor reception?

A

1000

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7
Q

Humans have about how many function odour reception genes?

A

347

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8
Q

Are all odour recption genes functional?

A

No only portions

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9
Q

What the two theories of olfaction?

A

Shape and vibration

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10
Q

How does the shape theory of olfaction work?

A

Each receptor detects a feature of the molecule

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11
Q

How does the vibration theory of olfaction work?

A

Odour receptors detect the frequencies of vibrations of odour molecules

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12
Q

Where do we find olfactory membranes?

A

At the top of the nose

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13
Q

Olfactory membranes are made up of what?

A

Olfactory epithelium

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14
Q

How many hairs of receptor cells would you find on an individual nerve cell?

A

6 to 8

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15
Q

Olfactory cells connect to nerves in an area known as what?

A

Olfactory plexus

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16
Q

What happens to air when it is drawn into the nose?

A

it is warmed and any odiferous molecules dissolve in the mucusof the ling of the nasal cavity

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17
Q

When triggered, nerves from the olfactory plexus send message where?

A

The main olfactory bulb of the brain

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18
Q

How many layers in the main olfactory bulb?

A

5

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19
Q

What are the layers of the main olfactory bulb from the surface to the centre?

A

Glomerular layer, external plexiform layer, mitral cell layer, internal plexiform layer, granule cell layer

20
Q

What does the olfactory bub do?

A

Transmits smell information from the nose to the brain

21
Q

What is the limbic system responsible for?

A

Memory, emotions, our basic instincts, mechanical functions

22
Q

How many types of olfaction do we like most mammals and reptiles have?

A

2

23
Q

As well as our main olfactory system we also have our?

A

Accessory olfactory system

24
Q

The accessory olfactory system is thought to detect what?

A

Pheremones

25
Q

Where are pheremones detected?

A

The accessory olfactory system although the main olfactory system can detect them as well

26
Q

Where are stimuli detected in the accessory olfactory system?

A

The vomeronasal organ

27
Q

Where is the vomeronasal organ?

A

In the vomer which is between the nose and the mouth

28
Q

When is a womens strongest sense of olfaction?

A

Ovulation

29
Q

What things work together to contribute to flavour?

A

Olfaction, taste and trigeminal receptors

30
Q

What is anosmia?

A

Lack of ability to smell due to a lack of functioning olfaction

31
Q

What to you call the lack of ability to smell due to the lack if functioning olfaction?

A

Anosmia

32
Q

What is hyposmia?

A

Decreased ability to smell

33
Q

What do you call the decreased ability to smell?

A

Hyposmia

34
Q

What is phantosmia?

A

Hallucinated smell often unpleasant in nature

35
Q

What do you call a hallucinated smell that is often unpleasant in nature?

A

Phantosmia

36
Q

What is dysosmia?

A

Things smelling differently than they should?

37
Q

What do you call it when things smell differently than they should?

A

Dysosmia

38
Q

What is hyperosmia?

A

An abnormally acute sense of smell

39
Q

What do you call an abnormally acute sense of smell?

A

Hyperosmia

40
Q

What is olfactory fatigue?

A

The temporary normal inability to distinguish a particular odour

41
Q

What do you call the temporary normal inability to distinguish a particular odour?

A

Olfactory fatigue

42
Q

Why is olfactory fatigue important in a spa?

A

So that clients arent constantly overpowered by the bad smells like seaweed and mud

43
Q

Is olfactory fatigue permanent?

A

No

44
Q

When does the sense of smell return to normal with olfactory fatigue?

A

After leaving the area of high odour the sensitivty is restored with time

45
Q

What is aromachology?

A

The study of the influence of odours on behaviour

46
Q

What do yo call the study of the influence of odours on behaviour?

A

Aromachology

47
Q

How is the olfactory sense different from the other senses?

A

It relies on mass not energy to trigger action potentials

Spa Therapy 2015 (7 decks)

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