Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR) Flashcards
What is TAPVR?
TAPVR is a CHD in which the pulmonary veins do not connect to the LA, but instead they go to the RV by using an abnormal (anomalous) connection.
In TAPVR, the oxygenated blood goes to… (3)
In TAPVR, the oxygenated blood goes to the RA, mixing oxygenated blood with deoxygenated blood, resulting in harmfully low oxygen levels.
What do infants (with TAPVR) usually also have in order to help survive TAPVR? What does this do to help?
Infants with TAPVR usually also have an ASD in order to help them survive TAPVR. The ASD helps the mixed blood to get to the left side of the heart to be pumped.
Some infants with TAPVR may have _____ _____ aside for _____.
Some infants with TAPVR may have other defects aside for ASD.
An infant born with TAPVR may need…
An infants born with TAPVR may need surgery or other procedures soon after birth.
Is TAPVR a critical CHD?
Yes
What does TAPVR stand for?
TAPVR stands for Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
What is a similar/related CHD of TAPVR? What does it stand for? What is it?
Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (PAPVR). PAPVR is a CHD in which some of the pulmonary veins do not connect to the LA, but instead they go to the RV by using an abnormal (anomalous) connection.
In PAPVR, there are some _____ _____, but _____ or _____ of the PVs will return _____ to the _____. Therefore, PAPVR is not as _____ as TAPVR.
In PAPVR, there are some abnormal connections, but one or more of the PVs will return normally to the LV.
What are the different types of TAPVR determined by?
The different types of TAPVR are determined by where the PVs connect together.
What is supracardiac TAPVR?
Supracardiac TAPVR is when:
-The left PVs come together and form an abnormal connection above the heart to the SVC
-The right PVs connect directly to the SVC
(SVC lead to the RA)
What is cardiac TAPVR?
Cardiac TAPVR is when:
-All four PVs meet behind the heart and connect to the coronary sinus
(Coronary sinus leads to the RA)
(Coronary sinus: A coronary vein that retrieves blood from some of the heart muscles)
What is infracardiac TAPVR?
Infracardiac TAPVR is when:
-The left PVs come together and form an abnormal connection below the heart to the IVC
-The right PVs connect directly to the IVC
(IVC leads to the RA)
When do symptoms of TAPVR usually occur?
Symptoms of TAPVR usually appear at birth or very soon afterwards.
What are some signs and symptoms of TAPVR? (4)
Some signs and symptoms of TAPVR include:
-Cyanosis
-Problems breathing
-Weak pulse
-Extreme sleepiness
What is cyanosis?
Cyanosis is the condition of having bluish lips, skin, and nails because of low blood oxygen levels.
What do infants with TAPVR need?
Infants with TAPVR need surgery.
What aspects affect when the surgery for TAPVR is done? (2)
When the surgery is done depends on:
-How sick the child is
-The specific structure of the abnormal connections
What is the goal of the surgical repair for TAPVR?
The goal of the surgical repair for TAPVR is to restore normal blood flow through the heart.
What do surgeons usually do in the surgery (to treat TAPVR)?
In the surgery (to treat TAPVR), surgeons usually:
-Connect the PVs to the LA
-Close off any abnormal connections between blood vessels
-Close off the ASD and other CHDs
“Surgical repairs for TAPVR are _____ _____ _____”
“Surgical repairs for TAPVR are not a cure.”
