Ebstein's Anomaly Flashcards
What is Ebstein’s Anomaly?
Ebstein’s Anomaly is a rare CHD in which the positioning of the tricuspid valve and how it functions is abnormal.
How exactly does Ebstein’s Anomaly affect the TV? (2)
In Ebstein’s Anomaly, the TV is deeper into the RV and larger. Additionally, it often works poorly and is not able to prevent backflow.
What does Ebstein’s Anomaly often come with?
An ASD
In what type of people is Ebstein’s Anomaly more common in?
Ebstein’s Anomaly is more common in white people.
Is Ebstein’s Anomaly a critical CHD?
Yes
When does Ebstein’s Anomaly occur/form?
Ebstein’s Anomaly occurs/forms as the infant develops in the womb.
What are the causes of Ebstein’s Anomaly? (1, 1)
The exact causes of Ebstein’s Anomaly are unknown; however, the use of certain drugs during pregnancy may be a possible cause.
The abnormality can range from _____ to _____ _____. The symptoms can also range from _____ to _____ _____.
The abnormality can range from slight to very severe. The symptoms can also range from mild to very severe.
When can symptoms of Ebstein’s Anomaly develop?
Symptoms of Ebstein’s Anomaly may develop soon after birth.
What may a symptom of Ebstein’s Anomaly be? (1)
Cyanosis
What is cyanosis?
Cyanosis is the condition of having bluish lips, skin, and nails because of low blood oxygen levels.
In severe cases of Ebstein’s Anomaly, …
In severe cases of Ebstein’s Anomaly, the infant may appear to be very sick and have trouble breathing
In mild cases of Ebstein’s Anomaly, …
In mild cases of Ebstein’s Anomaly, the infant may be asymptomatic for many years, sometimes even permanently.
What does being asymptomatic mean?
Being asymptomatic means having no symptoms.
What are some symptoms of older children with Ebstein’s Anomaly?
-Coughing
-Failure to grow
-Fatigue
-Rapid breathing
-Very rapid HR
What may a healthcare provider hear when listening to the heart of a person with Ebstein’s Anomaly using a stethoscope?
When listening to the heart of a person with Ebstein’s Anomaly using a stethoscope, a healthcare provider may hear abnormal heart sounds (e.g. Heart murmur).
What is a heart murmur?
A heart murmur is a whooshing sound that can be heard in the heart with a stethoscope due to irregular blood flow through the heart.
What are some exams and tests that can help diagnose Ebstein’s Anomaly?
-Chest x-ray
-MRI of the heart
-ECG
-Echocardiogram
What is a chest x-ray?
An x-ray of the thoratic region.
What is an MRI?
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
What is an ECG?
ElectroCardioGram. It is a measurement of the electrical activity in the heart.
What is an echocardiogram (echo)?
A detailed ultrasound of the heart
What does treatment for Ebstein’s Anomaly depend on? (2)
Treatment for Ebstein’s Anomaly depends on the severity of the defect and the specific symptoms.
What are some treatments/medical support and care that may be given to patients with Ebstein’s Anomaly?
-Medicines to help with heart failure (e.g. diuretics)
-Oxygen and other breathing support
-Surgery to correct the TV
-Replacement o the TV
The replacement of the TV may be needed for children who… (2)
The replacement of the TV may be needed for children who continue to worsen over time or have more serious complications.
In general, the earlier symptoms develop, …
In general, the earlier symptoms develop, the more severe the defect.
Some people may have _____ symptoms or _____ _____ symptoms; others may _____ over time, developing _____, _____ _____, _____ _____, or _____.
Some people may have no symptoms or very mild symptoms; others may worsen over time, developing cyanosis, heart failure, heart block, or arrhythmia.
What is cyanosis?
Cyanosis is the condition of having bluish lips, skin, and nails because of low blood oxygen levels.
What is heart failure?
Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively to meet the body’s needs. (But this doesn’t mean that the heart has stopped working!)
What is heart block?
Heart block is a condition in which the electrical signals from the atria don’t conduct properly to the ventricles.
What is arrhythmia?
Arrhythmia is the condition of having an abnormal heartbeat.
What is the thoratic region?
The region of the body containing the chest cavity.
